1 INVENTORY MODEL (nQ, R, T) RANDOM SUPPLY, CONSTANT LEAD TIMES AND EXPONENTIAL BACK ORDER COSTS, DR. Martin Osawaru Omorodion DR. Gabriel Jenyo
This paper derives the inventory costs for the model when the backorder costs are exponential, lead time is constant and supply is random. It derives firstly the inventory cost for fixed constant lead times and exponential backorder costs. The random supply cost is obtained by averaging the result over the states of supply. Demand during lead time is normal and supply is assumed to be a gamma variate It derives the expected backorder costs, the expected number of backorders at any point in time and the probability of a stockout.
2 ECONOMIC ORDER MODEL (nQ,R,T): CONSTANT LEAD TIMES AND EXPONENTIAL BACKORDER COSTS, DR. Martin Osawaru Omorodion DR. Gabriel Jenyo
At each periodic review, the quantity ordered is multiple of Q, nQ and the reorder level is R, The backorder cost C?(t) is b1 e b2 t. The expected backorder cost is derived by obtaining the difference between the expected backorder cost at time t+l and t+l+T. In this paper demand is assumed to follow a normal distribution. Some basic mathematics of the properties of a normal distribution is introduced to simplify the derivation of the equations. The first order derivatives of the backorder costs are given..
3 EXPONENTIAL BACKORDER COSTS AND CONTINUOUS LEAD TIMES FOR THE (M,T) INVENTORY MODEL SERIES 1, DR. Martin Osawaru Omorodion
The inventory model (M,T) with exponential backorder costs and continuous lead time is the model considered in this paper. At review time the stock is ordered to bring it to level M. The (M,T) model is derived from the inventory costs of inventory model (n,Q,R,T), when at review time a multiple of Q, n = 1,2---, is ordered, the lead time is assumed to follow a gamma distribution and demand during lead time is assumed to be a normal variate. The backorder cost is exponential, C? (t)= b_1 exp (b_2 t).
4 INVENTORY MODEL (M. T.) EXPONENTIAL BACKORDER COST RANDOM SUPPLY AND CONSTANT LEAD TIME SERIES 2, DR. Martin Osawaru Omorodion
This paper derives the inventory costs for inventory model (M.T) with exponential backorder cost and random supply and constant-lead times by taking the inventory cost for model (M.T) exponential backorder costs with constant lead times equation (12) of series 1 and averaging the inventory costs over the states of M. the maximum reorder level. The supply is assumed to be a gamma variate and demand during the lead time is still following a normal distribution
5 INVENTORY MODEL (M. T.) EXPONENTIAL BACKORDER COST RANDOM SUPPLY AND CONTINUOUS LEAD TIME SERIES 3, DR. Martin Osawaru Omorodion
We derived the inventory cost for Inventory Model (M.T) in which the supply is random, backorder costs is exponential and lead time is continuous by making use of the inventory costs derived in series 2 for the same random supply but for constant lead time. Each factor of the inventory cost is then averaged over the states of lead times. Lead time is assumed to be a gamma variate.
6 LOW CYCLE FATIGUE LIFE PREDICTION OF GTD 111 SUPERALLOY FOR USE IN GAS TURBINE BLADES, Shailendra Kumar Bohidar Ravi Dewangan Prof. Brijesh Patel
Design of Turbo machinery is complex and efficiency is directly related to material performance, material selection is of prime importance. Temperature limitations are the most crucial limiting factors to gas turbine efficiencies. This paper presents the life of GTD 111 applied to gas turbine blade based on High temperature tensile test and LCF test results. The LCF tests were conducted under various strain ranges based on gas turbine operating conditions. The paper will focus light on above issues and each plays an important role within the Gas Turbine Material literature and ultimately influences on planning and development practices. It is expected that this comprehensive contribution will be very beneficial to everyone involved or interested in Gas Turbines.
7 LOW CYCLE FATIGUE LIFE PREDICTION OF INCONEL 617 IN ELEVATED TEMPERATURE FOR POSSIBLE USE IN GAS TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBER LINERS, Ravi Dewangan *1, Shailendra Kumar Bohidar 2, Prof. Brijesh Patel3
Design of Turbo machinery is complex and efficiency is directly related to material performance, material selection is of prime importance. Temperature limitations are the most crucial limiting factors to gas turbine efficiencies. The problems at various components are of different magnitudes. As a result, the materials selection for individual components is based on varying criteria in gas turbines. Also materials and alloys for high temperatures application are very costly. The LCF tests were conducted under various strain ranges based on gas turbine operating conditions. The paper will focus light on above issues and each plays an important role within the Gas Turbine Material literature and ultimately influences on planning and development practices. It is expected that this comprehensive contribution will be very beneficial to everyone involved or interested in Gas Turbines.
8 MATLAB IMPLEMENTATION OF SPECTRUM SENSING METHODS IN COGNITIVE RADIO, Prof.Abhijeet A.Chincholkar *1, Ms.Chaitali H.Thakare 2
This paper aims to research and focus on spectrum sensing in Cognitive Radio which is a recently introduced technology. It helps to increase the spectrum efficiency in cognitive radio. Increasing efficiency of the spectrum usage is a need of an intrinsic result of rapidly increasing wireless users and also the conversion of voice oriented applications to multimedia applications. Static allocation of the frequency spectrum does not needs to current wireless technology where as a dynamic spectrum usage is required for wireless networks. Cognitive radio is considered as a promising candidate to be employed in such systems as they are aware of their operating environments and having ability to adjust their parameters. Cognitive radio can sense the available spectrum and detect the idle frequency bands. The secondary users can be allocates those bands which are not used by primary users. In order to avoid this interference in between primary user by secondary user spectrum sensing is to be needed. There are several spectrum sensing techniques proposed in literature for cognitive radio based systems. This work approaches for energy detection and Cyclostationary feature detection based spectrum sensing systems for cognitive radios in wireless communication channels.
9 SIMULATION OF PV WITH MPPT ALGORITHM FOR LLC RESONANT DC-DC CONVERTER EMPLOYING BURST MODE CONTROL, Chitra.P *1, Seyezhai.R 2
In this paper burst mode control for LLC converter is discussed along with the modeling of PV array and Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm are presented. LLC can regulate the output voltage even at no load condition through ZVS and ZCS. Hence LLC is used to step up the voltage of PV and MPPT is implemented to track maximum power at variable weather conditions. This paper focuses on Burst mode control compared to the conventional PWM technique to improve the efficiency of the proposed converter under light load conditions. Simulation results are presented to show the significance of the burst mode control scheme and the results are verified..
10 DEPENDABLE STORAGE FOR VEHICLE INSURANCE MANAGEMENT THROUGH SECURED ENCRYPTION IN CLOUD COMPUTING, Prof.Abhijeet A.Chincholkar *1, Ms.Najuka Todekar 2
This project aims for automating information system for VIMS on which data is stored on cloud in encrypted form. This project also develops a suitable information system to coordinate Activities of Vehicle insurance management, insurance claim and corresponding reports on the same. The technology adopted is Distributed Computing Networking. The database is created with the help of MYSQL. The client part aims at producing different forms and reports in order to provide case and satisfaction of the Vehicle insurance management.
11 ANDROID BASED SECURED PHOTO IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM USING DIGITAL WATERMARKING, Prof.Abhijeet A.Chincholkar *1, Ms.Najuka B.Todekar 2, Ms.Sunita V.Ghai 3
With the development of information technique, the power of image processing software become stronger, and it can easily edit the digital images more easily. So the copyright protection, the integrity authentication of digital image becomes an urgent issue. Digital watermarking is an adaptation of the commonly used and well-known paper watermarks to the digital world. Digital watermarking describes methods and technologies that allow hiding of information, for example a number or text, in digital media, such as images, video and audio. With the use of this digital watermarking technology our aim will be to generate a Digital Camera Tool for Android System. This tool can digitally watermark any photo captured by using Camera with a Hidden signature as Mobile number. This signature will be encrypted and then this encrypted signature will be added as watermark. Whenever verification is required the tool will extract Mobile Number from the Photo.
12 A REAL TIME IMPLEMENTATION OF SHORT RANGE COMMUNICATION IN VANET, Prof.Abhijeet A.Chincholkar *1, Ms.Chaitali H.Thakare 2
In vehicular ad-hoc networks, based on its transmissions it is possible to locate and track a vehicle, during communication with other vehicles or road-side transportation. This tracking leads to threats on location privacy of vehicle’s user. This work solves the problem of providing privacy location in VANET by allowing vehicles; prevent tracking of their broadcast communications. Firstly this identifies unique characteristics of VANET which is considered when designing suitable location security solutions. By considering these observations, this work implements a Short Range Communication in VANET, and evaluates the security enhancement achieved by some existing standard constraints of VANET applications.
13 SHELL MOULDING PROCESS USING THE COMBINATION OF FAILURE MODE EFFECT ANALYSIS AND AHP APPROACH, Vaibhav. S. Kamble *1, T. Z Quazi 2
Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) is one of the most widely used tool in industries and manufacturing firms, research etc. for improving the reliability of any product in the initial conceptualization phase. The concept of FMEA is extended here to analyze the drawbacks that are encountered in a Manufacturing Company. Studying the various modes of failures and their effect on the production rate, the causes are prioritized and categorized so that the available resources can be allotted to overcome them. Also the work includes the use of another powerful tool, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) that helps in visualizing and determining the priorities of a set of alternatives and the relative importance of an attribute in a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM). A quantitative and brief evaluation procedure is discussed and the final conclusion based on the actual results and analysis is stated that will be helpful for the future use.
14 AN ALGORITHMIC APPROACH FOR OBSTACLE AVOIDING MOBILE AUTOBOT, Er. Shivanshu Shrivastava
An obstacle avoiding mobile Autobot, is a small wheeled robot that travels from a starting point to a destination point by avoiding collision with the various objects in its path. This paper proposes an algorithm for obstacle avoidance Robot based on the odometry that is the path or track of travel. It also formulates the implementation strategy in avoidance of obstacles, relative to the position of the robot. A two dimensional co-ordinate system is generated using odometry which helps the Autobot to remain over its desired path.
15 HOW TO DO A CLASSIC GROUNDED THEORY STUDY IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND ENGINEERING: A WORKED EXAMPLE OF A STUDY OF E-LEARNING PROVIDERS WORKING IN EAST AFRICA, Titus Tossy
Classic Grounded Theory methodology (CGTM) is gaining importance as a method for theory building in Information Systems (IS). CGTM is most-often cited by IS researchers, but it has been suggested that many CGTM studies are not following the tenets of the methodology. This paper provides a worked example of a classic grounded theory (CGT) in IS research. The rationale of this paper is based on the fact that most of IS literature reveals conflict in the understanding and use of CGT. As the authors of this paper and as practising classic grounded theorists, I feel that the nature of CGTM is often misunderstood and its label abused in different ways. Therefore, in this paper I provide a model for practice, to connect IS researchers with a classic grounded theory methodology, and to increase the quality of CGT research published in the IS literature. The paper describes sampling, data collection, data analysis, and interpretation. The paper explains how these steps Ire consistent with CGTM, and show how they related to one another. CGT enable this paper to develop a detailed model of the process of cultivating recognition into e-learning practice and to analyze variation in this process in different e-learning provider practices. By employing CGTM rigorously, IS researchers can better design and justify their methods, and produce high quality findings that will be more useful to IS researchers, professionals and the community.
16 STUDY ON THE CONSUMPTION PATTERN OF JUNK FOOD AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS, Sivapriya T*1, Saraswathy S2
Background: The term junk food refers to fast foods which are easy to make and quick to consume. They are zero in nutritional value and often high in fat, salt, sugar, and calories. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the preference, prevalence and pattern of junk food consumption among university students. Methods: In the current descriptive cross-sectional study, 100 university girls aged 18- 22 years old were enrolled by convenience sampling method. Data were collected on Demographic profile, Dietary intake, awareness and knowledge about junk foods by using 3 day 24-hour dietary recall, a food frequency questionnaire and a checklist. Results: Consumption of Junk food was found among cent percent study population. Nutrition education programmer was significant at 5 % level. Educational campaigns on healthy lifestyles among young people are advocated.
17 A PREVALENCE STUDY ON ANAEMIA AMONG ADOLESCENT SCHOOL GIRLS AND THE IMPACT OF NUTRITION EDUCATION PROGRAMME, T.Sivapriya*1, S.Abilasha2
Anaemia is a significant public health challenge in India. It has devastating effects on health, physical and mental productivity affecting quality of life among adolescents. The overall aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of anaemia among adolescent school girls as well to assess the effectiveness of nutrition education programme. A cross sectional survey was conducted in a higher secondary school in Chennai, Tamilnadu. Hundred adolescent girls aged 13 - 16 years were selected for the study. Informed consent was taken and the individuals were screened for hemoglobin level. Anthropometric measurements including body weight and height were recorded. Dietary intakes of the girls were assessed by 3 day 24 hour recall method. All statistical data were analyzed using the program SPSS. Results predicted that among the 78 % of anaemic adolescent girls 22 % had mild anaemia, 30 % had moderate anaemia and 48 % had severe anaemia. Dietary intake of the girls was found to be inadequate before nutrition education. Knowledge and awareness about anaemia improved significantly after nutrition education. Results were significant at 5 % level.
18 IMPACT OF MOTIVATION ON PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEES IN PRIVATE BANKING SECTOR OF PAKISTAN, Asif Uddin*1 Dr. Mohammad Abuzar Wajidi2
This paper will thoroughly inspect the impact of motivation on the performance of employees working in private commercial banks located in Karachi, Pakistan. Without motivation it is hard to attain employees’ satisfaction and efficient performance towards organizational objectives. Usually banks like other organizations consider motivation as unimportant and expensive activity. By ignoring its significances banks allocate the finance on other areas but it has been observed that employees cannot achieve quality in their performance and productivity, if they are not motivated towards the effective and successful accomplishment of their specific tasks and fulfillment of objectives and goals set by the bank. The most important target of the bank is to satisfy their customers by providing them with services and financial products of high quality. Hence, in this regard motivated and skilled personnel can play pivotal role. To respond to the research queries a questionnaire has been formulated to retrieve data from a sample of employees of private banks. This study will provide guidance to the banks for pursuing motivation vigorously. Sample has been taken from private banks located in Karachi, Pakistan.
19 FORECASTING TECHNIQUES, OPERATING ENVIRONMENT AND ACCURACY OF PERFORMANCE FORECASTING FOR LARGE MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN KENYA, E. W. Chindia*1 F. N. Kibera2
This article explores the interaction between forecasting techniques (FT), operating environment (OE) and accuracy of performance forecasting (APF). Objectives were to compare FT in the APF, identify performance measures influenced by OE, assess moderating effects of the OE on the relationship between a FT and APF and examine relationships among FT, OE and APF. A model and framework are formed on the basis of previous research. Empirical testing of the model was done after collecting data using a structured questionnaire administered among randomly selected large manufacturing firms (LMF) in Kenya. Measures of APF included expected value (EV), return on sales (ROS), return on assets (ROA) and growth in market share (GMS). Objective, judgmental and combined FTs were used. Internal operating environment (IOE) comprised leadership, strategy, structure and culture; while customers, competitors, suppliers, substitute products and demographic characteristics constituted external operating environment (EOE). Empirical results indicate that the effect of objective and combined FT and EOE on APF was strong. Conversely, the effect of the IOE on APF was not strong. Further, the effect of the EOE accounted for more variation in APF compared to the IOE. Statistically significant were competitors and external customers on the influence of APF. The three FT yielded APF against EV and ROS. There was statistically significant evidence that (except for EV and ROS) EOE had an influence on APF. Regression analysis indicated that EOE had a partial moderating effect on the relationship between each of the FT and APF with respect to ROS and ROA for objective FT and ROA for both combined and judgmental FT. Alternatively, the IOE had a moderating effect on the relationship between objective FT and APF with respect to ROS; and the joint effect of the OE had a partial moderating effect on the relationship between objective and combined FT and APF with respect to EV and ROS. Results show that objective and combined FT yielded APF in a competitive environment. Hence, to achieve APF a FT should not ignore the effects of the OE. The study contributes by developing an exploratory model to link APF in LMF with variables of the OE.
20 RESEARCH ON THE DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL OF CYCLING ROUTES CONNECTING GREEN OPEN SPACES IN ATHENS, Efthimios Bakogiannis*1, Maria Siti2, Avgi Vassi3, Georgia Christodoulopoulou4 and Vasilios Eleftheriou5
Cycling is constantly gaining popularity in Europe both as a leisure activity and a viable transportation mode. Development of policies and infrastructure in Greece is following a rather inconsistent way, especially regarding the integration of cycling in existing open public spaces. This paper presents a research, conducted from 2008 to 2010 in Athens, exploring the development potential of a dynamic cycling scheme which would connect existing large green parks, university campuses and other related uses. The paper is structured in three parts. The first presents a comprehensive overview of cycling promotion policies and similar schemes in major European countries and cities, such as Denmark, United Kingdom, and Germany etc. The second part deals with particular infrastructure types and development attributes, and finally the third focuses on an Athens' case: the unification of Goudi Metropolitan Park with Police Academy Park, Polytechnic and University campuses. The results and conclusions stress the key research facts and reveal the main limitations occurring by the complex ownership status and the licensing procedures.
21 ANALYSIS THE SURFACE RECONSTRUCTION SYSTEM FROM SCATTERED CLOUD POINTS, Neetu Jangra*1, Pardeep Saini2
In this paper we have studied the Delaunay algorithm and Crust algorithm. We compare this algorithm for the time taken for the surface reconstruction. The goal of surface reconstruction is to find a surface from a given finite set of geometric sample values
22 ANALYSIS THE GRAPH-BASED SURFACE RECONSTRUCTION USING STRUCTURES IN SCATTERED POINT, Neetu Jangra*1, Pardeep Saini2
Surface reconstruction means that retrieve the data by scanning an object using a device such as laser scanner and construct it using the computer to gain back the soft copy of data on that particular object. Surface reconstruction is a reverse method. It is very useful when in a particular object original data is missing without doing any backup. Hence, by doing so, the data can be recollected and can be stored for future purposes
23 IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF THE PRODUCT IN AN INDUSTRY USING QUALITY CONTROL TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES, Arpan Taneja
This paper is on the aspects of improve the quality of the product in an industry using quality control tools and techniques. Now a day, quality has encompassed an entire organization including all the processes and functions. Quality management has become proactive; making plans to bring about continuous quality improve and to achieve a more desirable future. To survive and remain competitive in the global market, the products are offered at a low price with high quality and reliability by the industries to customers. In this paper study data was collected from the organization with respect to the quality control tools. For the improvement in products or to reduce the defects in products, we use some quality control tools, with the help of this we identify the defects and try to reduce it and Due to this quality of product are increased. Using this approach the organization would balance in appropriate manner that can lead to customer-satisfaction.
24 STUDY OF VARIOUS LOAD BALANCING TECHNIQUES AND CHALLENGES IN CLOUD COMPUTING, Rakesh Patel*1 Mili patel2 Proff.Anupam R chaube3
Cloud computing is emerging technology which is a new standard of large scale distributed computing and parallel computing. It provides shared resources, information, software packages and other resources as per client requirements at specific time. As cloud computing is growing rapidly and more users are attracted towards utility computing, better and fast service needs to be provided. For better management of available good load balancing techniques are required. So that load balancing in cloud becoming more interested area of research. And through better load balancing in cloud, performance is increased and user gets better services. Here in this paper we have discussed many different load balancing techniques used to solve the issue in cloud computing environment.
25 NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ONAIR JET IMPINGEMENT COOLING, Harikrishnan.M*1, Arun Jacob2
In recent years there has been significant increase in chip level heat fluxes, along with increasing demand for miniaturization. Design engineers are always seeking better methods for packing high-power dissipating electronic equipment’s .As the power dissipation continue to increase, standard conduction and forced-air convection techniques no longer provide adequate cooling for sophisticated electronic systems This work deals with experimental analysis and numerical analysis of microprocessor cooling using jet impingement. The analysis is done with the help of ANSYS FLUENT 14.0 software Circular orifice of diameter 2mm and 3mm were tested for various Reynolds number, distances between orifice and impinged plate and heat fluxes. Using SST k-w model the effect of jet Reynolds number, target spacing to jet diameter ratio (Z/d) and heat fluxes on average Nusselt number of the target plate are examined. An optimum cooling range is obtained for both 2mm and 3mm nozzle when the Z/d ratio lies between 10and 15. Correlations are proposed for Nusselt number in terms of Reynolds number and it is applicable for air as the jet cooling medium.
26 LOW COST LIGHT WEIGHT CONCRETE MAKING BY USING WASTE MATERIALS, Mr.Dipanjan Mukherjee
This paper discusses about a very simple lab experiment of light weight concrete making. A concrete cube is prepared by using sand, cement, water, over burnt brick bats & fly ash. Fly ash is used as a cement replacement and over burnt brick bat is used as a coarse aggregate. Both fly ash & over burnt brick bats are considered as waste materials of thermal power plant & construction sites. Mix design is done for M20 grade of concrete As per IS 10262-2009. Finally it was seen that 16.67% reduction of weight without increase the cost. It was also seen that for M20 grade of concrete it provides 94.9% strength at 28 days compression test. This is quite significant & this ordinary mix design also gives satisfactory performance of lightweight concrete cube making.
27 MULTIVARIATE GEOSTATISTICS FOR MAPPING METEOROLOGICAL PRECIPITATION, Ismail Bulent Gundogdu
Modelling of meteorological data is very important both for the evaluation of meteorological events and for the observation of its effects on the environment. Generally, classical interpolation methods are insufficient but multivariate geostatistical methods can be more effective, especially when studying secondary variables, because secondary variables might affect directly the model precision. In this study, the mean annual and mean monthly precipitation data from 264 meteorological stations in Turkey have been used for producing maps predicting meteorological precipitation. In addition to using linear regression (LR), the methods of inverse square distance (ISD) and ordinary co-kriging (OCK) were used and elevation, slope and aspect data for each point were added to the database as secondary variables. Cross-validation indicates that OCK yields the smallest prediction error. Standard errors verified that the best model could be produced with aspect as a secondary variable. Consequently, an aspect standard error map was produced to evaluate which points are more effective in the model. It is concluded that OCK is a very flexible method because it can account for several properties of the landscape. Therefore, it should be applicable in similar regions and a wider context, especially where precipitation is an important factor in water erosion.
28 STUDY OF MOBILE COMPUTING DEVICES WITH SECURITY ISSUES, Chanda Patel*1, Rakesh Patel2, Sushma Gupta3
Advances in wireless networking have prompted a new concept of computing, called mobile computing in which users carrying portable devices have access to a shared infrastructure, independent of their physical location. This paper will have a survey on mobile computing. It involves software, hardware and mobile communication. Due to this, different types of mobile devices are talked and they are investigated in details. Mobile computing has fast become an important new paradigm in today's world of networked computing systems. Ranging from wireless laptops to cellular phones and Wi-Fi/Bluetooth- enabled PDA’s to wireless sensor networks, mobile computing has become ubiquitous in its impact on our daily lives.
29 STUDY ON 5G WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, Srishti Mishra*1, Rakesh Patel2, Chhaya Mehar3
There is a rapid advancement in wireless communication technology providing the network services. Mobile wireless technologies have experience 4 or 5 generations of technology revolution and evolution, namely from 0G to 4G.Current research in mobile wireless technology concentrates on advance implementation of 4G technology and 5G technology. Currently 5G term is not officially used. In 5G researches are being made on development of World Wide Wireless Web (WWWW), Dynamic Adhoc Wireless Networks (DAWN) and Real Wireless World.
30 IMPACT OF ANXIETY AND ATTITUDE ON STUDENTS FOR LEARNING ENGLISH IN INDIA, Dr. Shruti Agrawal*1 Ram Krishan Thakur2
English is one of the most used languages in the world. It is used not only by the maximum number of people but also in so many different areas of the world. The poor status of English in India is a burning issue that paved the way for the researcher to conduct research on the factors of classroom learning environment and students’ anxiety and attitude towards English. The authors have selected the group of students pursuing different under graduate courses after secondary examination in India. While the paper discusses learner’s attitude it also highlights the teacher’s approach and methodology to teach the pre-designed curriculum
31 SECURITY ISSUES IN CLOUD COMPUTING, Nimita Patel*1 Rakesh Patel2, Uma Patel3
Cloud computing is architecture for providing computing service via the internet on demand and pay per use access to a pool of shared resources namely networks, storage, servers, services and applications, without physically acquiring them. So it saves managing cost and time for organizations. The market size the cloud computing shared is still far behind the one expected. From the consumers’ perspective, cloud computing security concerns, especially data security and privacy protection issues, remain the primary inhibitor for adoption of cloud computing services. The security for Cloud Computing is emerging area for study and this paper provide security topic in terms of cloud computing based on analysis of Cloud Security treats and Technical Components of Cloud Computing
32 STUDY OF HUMAN COMPUTER INTERACTION (HCI) WITH ITS APPLICATION, Suman Bala Nande*1 Rakesh Patel2 Vivek Yadav3
The intension of this paper is to provide an overview on the subject of Human-Computer Interaction. The overview on HCI includes the basic definitions & terminology, a survey of existing technologies & recent advances in the field, common architectures used in the design of HCI systems which includes unimodal & multimodal configurations & finally the applications of HCI. This paper also offers a comprehensive number of references for each concept, method, & application in the HCI etc. Human Computer Interaction or Human Factors are concerned with the ways humans interact with information, technologies, & tasks, especially in business, managerial, organizational & cultural contexts. It is hoped that HCI studies can provide the evolution of the human centered technology development that enhances our work, our various needs, our organizations, our societies, & ourselves.
33 IDENTIFICATION OF APPROXIMATE, GENERALISED VARIABLES FOR FORMULATION OF FIELD DATA BASED MODEL OF PVC MANUFACTURING PROCESS: THEROTICAL APPROACH, Ashish D Vikhar*1 Dr.J.P.Modak2
The paper describes an approach for identification of approximate, generalized independent and dependent variables for formulation of field data based mathematical model (FDMM) for the process of PVC pipe manufacturing of an enterprise. The aim of field data based modeling for PVC pipe manufacturing process is to improve the performance of system by correcting or modifying the inputs for improving output. The work identifies major approximate, generalized process parameters and other workstation related parameters which will affect the production output and quality of the PVC pipe extrusion process using single screw extruder. Some of the identified parameters are raw materials, formation of PVC compound, in-barrel moisture, screw speed, barrel temperature, extrusion die characteristics, screw design, viscosity, torque, bulk density, die pressure, power, screw diameter, screw length, screw pitch, L/D ratio etc. Out of all the variables identified, dependent and independent variables of the PVC pipe manufacturing system are determined. A mathematical relationship is established between dependent variables as an output parameters and independent variables as a input parameters. The mathematical relationship exhibit in which input variables is to be maximized or minimized to optimize output variables. Once model is formulated it can be optimized using the optimization technique further. Sensitivity analysis is a tool which can be used to find out the effect of input variables on output variables. Simultaneously it would be interesting to know influence of one parameter over the other. The model will be useful for an entrepreneur of an industry to select optimized inputs so as to get targeted responses.
34 ENERGY EFFICIENCY FOR MOBILE USING CLOUD AND STOCHASTIC WIRELESS CHANNEL WITH DEADLINE, J. Jayashri Mahendra Boopathi
In this platform, a mobile application can be executed either on the mobile device or on the cloudlet. The design objective is to develop an optimal application-execution policy, minimizing the energy consumed by the mobile device. To conserve energy for the resource-constrained mobile device, we optimally execute the mobile applications either the mobile device or the cloud platform. This system refers the energy-efficiency of mobile cloud computing using stochastic wireless channel with deadline. We use both scheduling problems such as optimal mobile execution and cloud execution and obtain closed-form solutions for optimal scheduling policies, we derive a threshold policy it states that the data consumption rate, defined as the ratio between the data size (W) and the delay constraint (T), is compared to a threshold which depends on both the energy consumption model and the wireless channel model. Finally, for the mobile execution, we minimize the computation energy by dynamically (running the application) configuring the clock frequency of the chip. For the cloud execution, we minimize the transmission energy by optimally scheduling data transmission across the stochastic wireless channel. Mathematically, we model the minimum-energy task scheduling problem as a constrained stochastic shortest path problem on a directed acyclic graph. Closed-form solutions were obtained for both scheduling problems to decide the optimal application-execution condition under which either the mobile execution or the cloud execution is more energy-efficient for the mobile device. In this we used stochastic wireless channel to effective transmission of data from transmitter to receiver. And it has advantages like fast fading, no shadowing and change phase and velocity depends on the data. In this paper we evaluate execution of mobile and cloud and transmission time also. And dynamic scaling with mobile is calculated by using Gillbert-Elliot model. The transmission energy of mobile is saved by using the stochastic wireless channel.
35 E-RESOURCES COMPLEXITIES AND THEIR USAGE AMONG THE INFORMATION SCIENCE STUDENTS IN MOUNT KENYA UNIVERSITY, KIGALI CAMPUS, Constantine Nyamboga*1 Josephat Bosire2 Haron Tinega3 Vincent Mucyo4
This study intended to ascertain the usage of e-library resources among the undergraduate students at Mount Kenya University (MKU)-Kigali Campus by determining the awareness level, e-library resources accessibility complexities and the challenges faced by information Science students. The study employed the use of a descriptive statistical research design in which the questionnaire instrument was administered the 178 undergraduate respondents of Mount Kenya University, Kigali Campus. The analysis of the study indicated that a large number of the students were aware of the availability of electronic library resources through library notice board. However, students showed low awareness via other modes of communication such as colleagues (39.7%) for the undergraduate and 34.5% postgraduate, also only 6.4% of the undergraduate and 6.9% of were aware of the e-library resources through e-mail from the library. Many students indicated that they face challenges in accessing and using e-library resources and the main reasons put forward were lack of advanced information searching skills, information overload due to too much information available online. This implies therefore that there is a high need to improve on the awareness campaign via other modes of communication such as e-mails and seminars. Trainings and workshops on how to use e-library resources should be organized by the library staff and management so that the subscribed e-resources databases are used effectively and efficiently to maximize research in higher learning institutions. In conclusion, the study suggested that it would be important to establish information literacy programs so that students and the entire university community are acquainted with the use of electronic resources.
36 MICROFINANCE DEFAULTS AND THEIR IMPACT ON PARTNERS SUDAN EXPERIENCE, Dina Ahmed Mohamed Ghandour
Microfinance is considered as an effective mechanism for poverty alleviation. However such a mechanism may face many challenges that may hinder its successful implementation. Default risk is a major challenge that such a program may face. The purpose of this paper is to investigate and focus on microfinance defaults and their impact on partners. This study followed the analytical/ qualitative method to investigate the problem of this paper. Secondary data was used as the main data collection tool. The study was based on analysis of the collected data by focusing on the default risk that both microfinance partners can face, causes of defaults in microfinance, and how this risk can be mitigated.
37 ECONOMIC AND ORGANIZATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT, Dr S?awomir Czarniewski
Physical labor is gradually being replaced by mental work. These changes in the work environment have resulted in a knowledge-based economy, also called an information economy with knowledge workers. In modern times, which are characterized by turbulence and unpredictability, possession of knowledge workers will probably determine the success or failure in an increasingly aggressive competitive rivalry. This article attempts to answer the question of what role knowledge workers play or could play, and what are the possible benefits and potential problems associated with the existence of this group of employees in the company. The problem is so important and timely, since it is estimated that in the future, knowledge workers will constitute an increasing proportion of employees, which has important implications for the approach to human resource management in today's organizations.
38 NEED FOR AN EXCLUSIVE EDUCATION FUNDING AGENCY, Prof.Shirish Raibagkar
Like any other sector-specific finance, educational finance too has some peculiar characteristics. Experts from the field are always in a better position to assess the requirements than those who are generalists. With rapid changes in the environment, specific variables impacting education sector need to be understood. For example, when the government is delaying reimbursement of scholarship payments to the educational institutions, it is important for the institutions to have a working capital facility in place so as to avoid funding problems. One not in the field of education may express surprise at the very thought of something like cashcredit facility for educational institutions. Therefore, this article highlights the need for an exclusive education funding institution in India like a HDFC dealing exclusively with housing loans. The market is huge given the current demographic profile of our country. The specialized institution can play an important role in the education sector which in itself is a strategic area.
39 CLASSROOM DELIVERY FOR EMPLOYABILITY AT TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS: A STUDY OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS IN BOTSWANA, Shynet Chivasa*1, Sumburani Sigauke2
The research investigates how classroom delivery can enhance employability of tertiary institutions graduates. A number of industry captains were interviewed on the employability of tertiary education graduates and the majority raised concern on the ‘missing skills’ which make it difficult to rate tertiary education graduates as employable. These missing skills includes among others, communication skills, interpersonal skills, business and customer awareness, problem solving abilities, innovativeness, practical knowledge transfer and positive attitude. The curriculum development process of most tertiary institutions was found to be in line with the industry expectations. The content and depth of the curriculum are at par with the industry. Having designed a curriculum with employability in mind, the question is what is then lacking to enhance the development of skills for employability. The research findings concluded that a well-crafted curriculum, suitable learning environment and suitable assessments , if not supported by an effective teaching or class delivery method would not achieve the goals of employability and thus the need to ensure that, tutors though professional in their areas, are trained and equipped with the skills to teach employability. What was also found interesting are the challenges faced by tutors when using teaching methods that would facilitate the development of employability skills? These challenges are; the pressure to develop subject related skills, course content depth and breadth coverage as expected by sometimes the accrediting bodies and the rewarding system which focuses on the percentage of students who pass the subject related content. This forces the tutor to concentrate more on subject related skills than the employability skills.
40 REMODIFICATION IN THE OXIDE FEED SYSTEM FOR MIDREX DIRECT REDUCTION SHAFT FURNACE OF THE DELTA STEEL COMPANY, Oluwafemi O Olayebi
The oxide pellets feed from the day-bin goes to charge-bin (top of the furnace) through the flexowell conveyor belt. A mesh at the inlet to the furnace prevents direct entry of the oversize into the furnace. These oversized materials accumulate occasionally cause blockage hence impeding material flow. Accumulated oversized materials spill out from the 65m platform of the shaft furnace. Also oversize pellets entering the furnace through the by-pass chute from the charge bin create channeling, bridging and excessive fines. Persistent bridging can lead to uneven burden temperature distribution that can result in hot spots and clusters within the furnace which can have dire consequences on the entire production campaign. Wet materials during monsoon season create blockages at the transfer chute of the oxide feed system impeding free flow of oxide pellets to the charge bin from the flexowell. Modifications were carried out in the oxide material handling system so as to forestall any incidences that may lead to bridging or channeling that could result in downtimes or plant shut downs.
41 MODIFIED DIJKSTRA ALGORITHM FOR DETERMINING MULTIPLE SOURCE SHORTEST PATH OF HOSPITAL LOCATION IN RIVERS STATE (NIGERIA), Okengwu U.A.*1 Nwachukwu E.O2
Determining the shortest path (road network) to a particular hospital in the case of emergency could determine patient survival or not. The approach currently on ground in Rivers State, Nigeria is subjective (depending on the skill, experience and exposure of the personnel prescribing the distance and not based on an objective approach) at best. This research paper, has adapted Dijsktra algorithm base on it drawback to propose a modified Dijkstra algorithm capable of implementing multiple source shortest path distance optimization to varied hospital within Rivers State. Matrix Laboratory (MatLab) and Hypertext preprocessor (PHP) were the simulation tools and language of implementation respectively. The results of our simulation were satisfactory having been able to implement Multiple Source Shortest Path across several hospitals spread across Rivers State.
42 SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPLICATION OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN INDIA AND THEIR REMEDIES, Kanwar Bhan
It is matter of concern to mark the presence of mankind on the earth’s surface and subsequent modification carried out on it. That may be realized through the interpretation of destruction caused to our forest wealth, biological loss, population growth also put severe pressure on the agricultural resources. In the due course of action we have caused lot of destruction to the ecology. Disaster may occur either naturally or due to man- made factors but their severity may be scaled down in terms of loss made to property and human lives. So it become so pertinent to provide a detail account of the geographical setting of Indian-sub continent which is so diversified in terms of relief, climate, water resources and agricultural potential that led to regional variations in context of employment generation and magnitude of natural furies like tropical cyclone( Hudhud and Nilofar) , drought, earthquakes. The vulnerability of Indian society provide account of the statistical estimates that about 40 per cent area is prone to earth quakes of varied intensities, 40 million hectares fall within the zone of floods, and 68 per cent experience drought conditions. The applied aspect of scientific know how prove to be vital to minimize the disasters impact upon humanity is a matter of immense consideration. The level of economic and social development play significant role in handling the relief and rehabilitation programme to the victims. The interdisciplinary approach to be positively imbibes in vital consideration of the area specific plan and policies that mock drill or participation of community in rehabilitation and relief programmes to be ensured. Over a couple of years successive government had adopted casual approach to deal with the natural disaster with special emphasis upon the mitigation aspect. That involves the three prong strategy that prevention, preparedness and mitigation. The urgent need arise to put great emphasis upon the awareness campaign with frequently organized programs of such order. In order to be familiar with peculiarities of disaster management and dissemination of new method and techniques to familiarizes the people about that. The host of problems associated with the disaster management in India to be addressed within the socio-economic framework of community in study.
43 THE DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES OF THE ORGANIZATION IN THE CONTEXT OF CHANGES IN THE MARKET, Dr S?awomir Czarniewski
Nowadays, it is believed that among the many resources of the organization, it is human resources that give it a competitive advantage. Compared to other resources, these are characterized by pervasive fundamentals related to its psychosocial sensitivity, diversity, variability of behavior and activity. In addition, the transformation of resources within in the organization cannot be conducted without the participation of people. This requires management, during which human resources are steered in the direction necessary for the organization to achieve its intended goals. It is worthwhile, therefore, to attempt to recognize the abilities that can serve as tools for the organizations to manipulate existing resources in order to create a new configuration. The purpose of this article is to show the role and importance of the dynamic capability of the organization in the context of environmental variability on the market.
44 THERMOELECTRIC EFFECT, ITS BACKGROUND AND SCOPE IN DAIRY: REVIEW, Amandeep Sharma, Silvy Gupta, Kulwinder Kaur,
Non-conventional cooling systems have found wide range of applications to meet the energy requirements of the present and future. This paper presents a review of thermoelectric cooling/ heating systems and their applicability in various sectors. It explores the fundamentals of thermoelectric cooling/ heating and its applications. The efficiency of thermoelectric materials and its scope for improvement is also discussed.
45 THE PEAK AND DECLINE OF NIGERIAN OIL: HOW SOON?, Okengwu, K. O1* Okengwu, U. A.2
Recent increase in the economic importance of Crude Oil in Nigeria had resulted in the research and understanding of the availability and recoverability of the resources. The peak of Nigeria oil production, followed by an irreversible decline, will be a watershed in Nigeria history. Production data from 1958-2003 were used for the estimation of peak, based on the Energy Information Agency (EIA) methodology of growth rate of 2, 3, and 4 % per year and a decline of Reserve to Production (R/P) ratio of 10. Combining these methodology “SCENARIOS” with the oil production numerical data, we have arrived at (2033-2065) a span of 32 years as a probable time of peak for Nigerian oil. We do recognize, however, given all possible variables, it is likely that this date (2033-2065) may be wrong. The question is how far wrong? We believe, it is reasonably close and further studies will help narrow whatever error exists. Importantly, the peak of oil production may occur within the lifetime of most people living today.
46 ADVANTAGEOUS INTERNET ACCESS CHART BY UTILIZING "IMODE" TECHNOLOGY, Aruna Rai Vadde*1 Ginbar Ensermu2
The imode is the NTT Docomo's new Internet access framework. It is a progressed shrewd informing administration for computerized cell telephones and other portable terminals that will permit us to see Internet content in uncommon content arrangement on exceptional imode-empowered cellular telephones. Empowering data access from handheld gadgets obliges a profound understanding of both specialized and business sector issues that are extraordinary to the remote environment. The imode detail was created by the business' best personalities to address these issues. Remote gadgets speak to a definitive compelled registering gadget with restricted CPU, memory and battery life and a basic client interface Wireless systems are obliged by low transfer speed, high inactivity and erratic accessibility and strength. The imode determination addresses these issues by utilizing the best of existing benchmarks and creating new augmentations when required. The imode arrangement influences the enormous interest in web servers, web improvement instruments, web developers and web applications while taking care of the novel issues connected with the remote area. The determination guarantees that this arrangement is quick, dependable and secure. The imode determination is created and backed by the remote telecom group so that the whole business and its endorsers can advantage from a solitary, open particular.
47 BRAKE LIGHT DETECTION USING IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNIQUE, Dr. Dayanand G. Savakar*1 Abdulsamad I Chattarki2 Naveed R. Nagthan3
Car driving itself without human intervention is a dream of the World. There are many studies about Intelligent Transport System (ITS) and Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV). Interest on unmanned vehicle is increasing. One of the important issues in UGV is detection of signal light, which is necessary when car is on the crossroads and intersection. This proposed system is a perfect system for safety crossing, and also it is cost effective. Therefore, there is a need for developing vision detection system for signal lights and for safe driving. There are many accidents in crossroads and crosswalk; such accidents are caused by careless driving. In this paper we present a new vision algorithm for signal light detection which has real time processing with high detection rate while using low price camera. Using this algorithm, reliability and safety for UGV and drivers will be increasing. This project is aimed at developing a method to detect brake lights of on-road vehicles by segmenting the color images and analyzing the color. The forwardfacing images are acquired and processed for suitable color identification after segmentation. This application is suitable for an autonomous (Unmanned) vehicle as well as for the guidance of driver (manned). The system should respond to the information from other vehicles, such as Detection of active Brake lights, which indicate the vehicles intended actions
48 EVALUATION OF SUSTAINABILITY IN A FACTORY, Tobias Mersmann*1 Peter Nyhuis2
In the current economic climate, for many businesses it is generally no longer sufficient to pursue exclusively economic interests. Instead, integrating ecological and social goals into the corporate targets is becoming ever more important. In the scientific literature there are many approaches to evaluate sustainability. However, it was determined that none of the present approaches can be used to evaluate the sustainability of a factory and its stakeholders at one time and propose measures to use potentials. Therefore this article describes the conceptual framework of an approach to evaluate the sustainability using a maturity model. This model is based on the System Dynamics Method. With this approach companies are enabled to evaluate their sustainability regarding all dimensions of sustainability and their stakeholders.
49 GENERALIZED METHOD FOR ESTIMATING VARIABILITY IN DIRECTLY CONNECTED IMPERVIOUS AREAS, Ahmed Said
Determining impervious areas is a key factor regarding the expected amount of runoff in an urbanized watershed. Imperviousness occurs from land alterations that change the predevelopment hydrology, especially as relates to land cover and its effects on surface infiltration. An urbanized watershed can be divided into three general types: Directly Connected Impervious Area (DCIA), Non-Directly Connected Impervious Area (NDCIA), and Pervious Area (PA). Runoff from DCIAs is conveyed directly to storm water sewers while runoff from NDCIA may pass through a PA before it reaches the drainage system. The amount of DCIA is highly unknown, yet it is often the dominant factor in most urban environments. Total Impervious Area (TIA) is defined as the sum of DCIA and NDCIA. In the past, several methods have been applied in the estimation of TIA. Among these methods are direct field measurements, empirical equations, and interpretation of satellite images. While empirical relationships have been developed for different land cover, generalized methods still need to be developed. In this study, DCIA as a function of rainfall depth was estimated. DCIA reaches its maximum value when enough rainfall has occurred to connect runoff from all impervious surfaces (TIA). The new approach was tested with rainfall runoff data on a small, but highly urbanized catchment in Temple Terrace, FL. The result of this research indicated that impervious surfaces become increasingly effective in generating storm water runoff with increased rainfall depth and decreased infiltration. The results of this research can be used to study the impact of urbanization on storm water runoff and improve hydrologic modeling
50 GEOTECHNCIAL ASSESSMENT OF PART OF PORT HARCOURT, NIGER DELTA FOR STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, Warmate Tamunonengiyeofori
The Study was carried out within Parts of Port Harcourt, Rivers State. investigations shows that the topsoil is underlain by a Firm to Stiff Sandy clay layer of low compressibility with cu > 50 KN/m2 (about 12m thick) with average Index Properties which indicates average shear resistance to shear deformations. Also Cone Values within this layer reflects values greater than 10kg/cm2 with friction ration > 3 at the top layer. This layer , overlies a well sorted ,Medium Dense sandy Layer ( phi=300 - 310 ,) and average N Values of 12.. The allowable bearing capacity profile of the sub-surface shows average bearing Capacities characteristics( 1.5m:133KN/m2 ,). Compressibility of the top soil under the influence of load from Pressure Bulb analysis , indicates Compression Index and Compression Ratio value less than 0.1.. Settlement predictions based on a loading >200KN/m2 indicates a tolerable settlement of
51 NON-DETERMINISTIC DYNAMIC JOB SHOP PROGRAMMING METHODURT, NIGER DELTA FOR STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, Lindolpho Oliveira de Araújo Junior*1 Paulo Eigi Miyagi2 Fabrício Junqueira3 Lucas Antonio Moscato4 Diolino José dos Santos Filho5
This paper explores characteristics of virtual cellular manufacturing systems, of scheduling and dispatching techniques for real time requirements and genetic algorithms for assures a high level of routing flexibility and efficiency in tasks programming for (NDJSP – non-deterministic dynamic job shop problem) systems. It introduces a programming method based in two new clustering and scheduling/dispatching techniques, respectively, applied in NDSJP manufatucting systems. Initially, the work presents basic concepts considered in the organization of cellular manufacturing systems; an approach of virtual manufacturing cells through the functional organization; the characteristics, definitions and notation used for scheduling problems; the description of more manufacturing systems scheduling and dispatching techniques; relevant aspects of evolutionary computation in specialty, the genetic algorithms. Subsequently, the work also introduces the new clustering and scheduling/dispatching techniques, the requirements and the formulas associated. The applications of the two new techniques are exemplified based on two examples picked from scientific literature and so simulated through new software called (DEVICE – Design of virtual cells). The software DEVICE was designed specialty for this research. After run more simulations, the results are obtained in a specialty structured framework. The results obtained for the proposed method application proves the powerful of this approach.
52 RELATIONS BETWEEN BUREAUCRACY AND CABINET, Huang, Guan
Japan’s bureaucracy is a kind of independent and powerful part in its political system. In British, which almost has the same political system as Japan, its civil servants are smoothly realize the order from their political minister. Why and how does this difference appear? There are a lot of factors that make this happen, and the main reason is the difference between each country’s party systems. Though the two countries have almost the same electoral systems, their party systems are so different. In Britain, there is a mature two-party system, parties’ leaders control their parties’ resources and distribute them to their candidates. On the contrast, in Japan, before 1993, there was a predominant-party system, and a juvenile two-party system is being built up, nowadays.
53 NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF COMBUSTION CHARACTERISTICS OF METHANE FLAME IN AN AXISYMMETRIC COMBUSTOR MODEL, Ibrahim I. A.1* ,Gad H. M.2, Shabaan M. M.3
The present work is a numerical simulation of a non-premixed methane flame performed in a combustor model. CFD studies using ANSYS FLUENT were carried out changing the air swirl number, the inlet thermal load and the combustor exit diameter. The model geometry was created and meshing arrangement was generated using Gambit pre-processing software. To validate the computational procedure, comparison of the present calculations with the experimental data is plotted. Three cases; without radiation model, with the P-1 radiation model and with the discrete transfer radiation model were examined. The results from these three cases were compared with each other and with the experimental data. The discrete transfer and the P-1 radiation models were assessed in a swirling methane non-premixed flame confined in a combustor model. A comparison of realizable k- and standard k- turbulent models is presented. The effects of the inlet thermal load, air swirl number and changing the combustor exit diameter on flame characteristics were studied. The results have shown the significant effect of studied parameters on the flame characteristics and temperature patterns. Increasing the air swirl number and the combustor exit to swirler diameter ratio Dexit/Ds, leads to a decrease in the temperature levels and the flame length. Increasing the inlet thermal load, the high temperature region size, the flame length increased and the distributions of mass fraction for CO2 and O2 demonstrated similar trends with temperature, namely the higher the local temperature the stronger the main products formation.
54 COMPARISON OF COMPRESSIVE AND FLEXURE STRENGTH OF FINE AND COARSE AGGREGATE REPLACED CONCRETE WITH REFERRAL CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE, Divya Jaiswal*1 R.K. Pandey2 Anjelo F. Denis3 Ehsan Ali4 Shahbaz Shamim
Concrete is prime construction material used in practice. No construction can be dreamed without use of concrete. The main constituents of concrete such as sand, stone and water are naturally available. These resources of natural aggregates (sand, stone) are depleting day by day due to over exploitation for the sake of developmental activities. It is worthwhile to seek alternative for naturally available aggregates. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of using stone dust as partial replacement of fine aggregate and recycled aggregate as partial replacement of coarse aggregate. In the present study cubes and beams were cast to determine the compressive and flexural strength of concrete made using stone dust and recycled aggregate as replacement of natural aggregate. Concrete of M25 grade was designed for a W/C ratio of 0.48 for the replacement of 10% coarse aggregate with recycled coarse aggregate and replacement of 30% and 40 % of fine aggregate (sand) with stone dust. The result indicates that the replacement of fine aggregate with stone dust and coarse aggregate with recycled coarse aggregate simultaneously are not reliable for compressive strength. Results shows that with partial replacement of stone dust with 0%, 30% and 40% and 10% recycled coarse aggregate, flexure strength increased by 26.4%, 16.67% and 21.87% at the age of 28 days respectively as compared to referral concrete whereas with 10% replacement of recycled coarse aggregate there is Increase in flexure strength by 26.4% at the age of 28 days compared to referral concrete.
55 GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY FROM FLUE GASES, Prashant Kumar
Flue gas is the gas exiting to the atmosphere via a flue, which is a pipe or channel for conveying exhaust gases from a fireplace, oven, furnace, boiler or steam generator. Quite often, the flue gas refers to the combustion exhaust gas produced at industries or by heavy duty vehicles. These flue gases carry a large amount of heat which is of no use. Here, in this paper we are going to discuss a setup from which the waste heat of flue gases can be easily converted into electrical energy.
56 STRENGTH OF CONCRETE USING STONE DUST AND RECYCLED AGGREGATE AS PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF NATURAL AGGREGATE, Prakant Chaudhary*1 R.K. Pandey2 Anjelo F. Denis3 Shahbaz Shamim4
Concrete is prime construction material used in practice. No construction can be dreamed without use of concrete. The main constituents of concrete such as sand, stone and water are naturally available. These resources of natural aggregates (sand, stone) are limited and day by day the dependency on them must be minimized. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of using stone dust as partial replacement of fine aggregate and recycled aggregate as partial replacement of coarse aggregate. In the present study cubes and cylinders were cast to determine the compressive and split tensile strength of concrete made using stone dust and recycled aggregate as replacement of natural aggregate. Concrete of M25 grade was designed for a W/C ratio of 0.50 for the replacement of 20% coarse aggregate with recycled coarse aggregate and replacement of 30, 40, 50%, 60% and 70% of fine aggregate (sand) with stone dust. The test results indicate that stone dust can effectively been used as partial replacement of fine aggregate in concrete. It is found that the compressive and split tensile strengths of concrete increase on use of stone dust. It is observed that the compressive strength of concrete made using 20% recycled aggregate and 30% stone dust as replacement of coarse aggregate and fine aggregate respectively, is close proximity of referral concrete at 28 days.
57 A PARTIAL REPLACEMENT IN NATURAL AGGREGATE TO RECYCLED HIGHWAY AGGREGATE, Ehsan Ali*1 Yogendra Kushwaha2
Crushed or ordered inert particles obtained from the materials that are used in road are known as recycled aggregates. The objective of this research is, to conclude and relate the maximum dry density, optimum moisture content and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of Granular Sub Base (GSB) and Wet Mix Macadam (WMM) by means of different percentages of recycled aggregates. This study was carried out by using CBR for total of 5 batches of mixes prepared in which 0, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60% are replaceable to that of fresh aggregate by recycled aggregate at optimum moisture contents. The maximum dry density of recycled aggregate was up to 30% and replacement level was about 0.02 g/cc. The CBR of recycled aggregate was up to 30% and replacement level was about 1.5%. The reduction of strength causes due to lower strength of recycled aggregate as in compare of the fresh aggregate.
58 LITHOLOGICAL CONTROL ON CHANNEL MORPHOLOGY: A STUDY OF KAS RIVER GORGE IN AHMEDNAGAR DISTRICT, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA, Babaji B. Maskare*1 Sudhakar D. Pardeshi2
Gorges and bedrock channels are always the sites of interest for studying fluvial processes. The response and adjustment of the flow to lithological and structural control are also the causes of the several focused studies of bedrock channel. The bedrock channel in the present study also reveals the response to bedrock lithology. The bedrock channel incision affects the evolution of the channel forms while the shapes, size, gradient and plan form of the rocky channels are largely determined by the physical characteristics of bedrock (structure, jointing, resistance to erosion, etc.) rather than the hydraulics and sediment transport characteristics. Since the width and depth of the Kas River George are almost constant therefore the velocity of discharge increases. Hence, the energy available for stream work will be greater in the segments of gorge even at normal flow discharge. Increased velocity helps to maintain the material transportation and/or increases the intensity of erosion processes in the gorge. Kas river also shows variation in the channel width from 40 to 150 meters, channel depth varies unusually from knick towards the confluence. On the basis of channel morphometshows lots of variations in the width and depth in the lower reaches of the stream, which may be the effect of the local controls like bedrock lithology and structure.
59 WHEEL CHOCK ANALYSIS BY DEVELOPING FINITE ELEMENT MODEL USING ANSYS, Prof Apoorva Kasar
Effective utilization of hand brakes for parking the vehicle on an inclined plane is well established. In addition to hand brakes are the wheel chocks which are the wedges made up of different suitable materials that are placed very close to the wheels to avoid the vehicle to move accidently over a slope when stationary. Wheel chocks are placed as added safety measures along with the parking brakes to prevent the vehicles from rolling when parked over an inclined street. Wheel chocks widely used are made up of steel, aluminum, concrete or even a high quality plastic can also be used to manufacture it. Since use of plastics for wheel chocks makes it light weighted, handy and cost effective, wheel chocks made of steel has been converted to wheel chocks that are made in plastics. The main aim of this project is the cost reduction and weight reduction which makes the chock both handy and economical. To find out the maximum displacement when any external force is applied on wheel chock, stress analysis has been carried out using ansys software
60 ZIGBEE WIRELESS MONITORING TECHNOLOGY USING XBEE INTEGRATED CHIPS, Aruna Rai Vadde*1 Satyanarayana Gaddada2
The physical layer convention standard utilized as a part of Zigbee frameworks is IEEE 802.15.4.the remote standard that works, in North America, in the scope of 2400-2483.5 MHz or 902-928 Mhz. Zigbee, and above all our chips, work in the higher 2.4 GHz range, the information transmission rate is dependent upon 250 kilobits every second. The part my exploration that we actualized fundamentally manages the system layer. This research paper Xbee chips and firmware permit us to "black box" the Data Link and Physical layers, and the open source Xbee-API and Xbee-Arduino programming bundles enormously rearranged our work in the system layer.