1 THE EXPERIENCE AND OPPORTUNITY OF IMPLEMENTATION OF RESEARCH-BASED ACADEMIC EDUCATION AT TRADE CO-OPERATIVE UNIVERSITY OF MOLDOVA, Larisa SAVGA, Claudia MELINTE
The Lisbon Strategy and Lisbon 2010+ proposed to transform the EU economy in the most competitive and dynamic one, based on knowledge and capable of an economic and sustainable increase, with better jobs and an increased social cohesion. The Consumer Co-operation of the Republic of Moldova proposed itself a similar objective – to become a durable, competitive and efficient sector of the national economy and to recover its previous position. Consumer Co-operatives of the Republic of Moldova have their own educational system with its own education institution, which offers educational and professional development programs in the field of co-operation. University researchers continuously monitor co-operative development problems and provide solutions for the improvement of co-operative activity. In this paper, we will present several aspects of our experience in implementing research-based education at our University, focusing on the mission and on the image of co-operative system of our country.
2 COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT ON THE FINANCIAL - BANKING MARKET OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA, Elena FUIOR; Ion MAXIM
Banking and finance sectors of the Republic of Moldova the same as in other states are of great importance for sustainable development of the whole economy. The existence of normal competitive environment on the banking sector would provide the national economy with necessary inexpensive financial resources and would support the creation of banking and financial systems able to cope with competitive pressures from outside the country. Recent publications regarding the establishment of Moldovan banking sector highlighted several deficiencies in the relevant competitive environment. In this context, we propose an analysis of the competitive environment on the banking sector of the Republic of Moldova, identifying elements limiting competition and guidelines for the improvement of competitive aspects of Moldovan banking sector taking into account the experience of other countries. The analysis of EU countries experience together with suggested recommendations is expected to stimulate competition in the Moldovan finance sector as well as discourage anti-competitive practices.
3 MODELING OF ACCOUNTING ASPECTS OF FINANCIAL RESULTS, Hrayr HANISYAN, Hasmik HANISYAN
Modern trends in world economy require expanding functional informational capabilities of financial statements. Market-oriented users of financial statements are interested in information necessary when making decisions of financial character.
4 THE ECONOMIC AND ACCOUNTING APPROACH TO SERVICES, Ina MALECA, Viorica FULGA
Taking into account the current conditions of the national economic development, the economic sector of provided services represents a real/actual concern, both from the economic and accounting point of view. This sector and the accounting item-service are determined by a rare occurrence in researching by accounting professionals. This paper analyzes the economic and accounting approach regarding the services in order to be able to identify the actual problems and to present some solutions for improving the regulatory accounting framework. The issues of increased concern are: inadequate legislative regulation of the service sector and the need for amending legislation regarding the synthetic and analytical accounting records. The study covers the following issues: definition of services as accounting element approach and the working methodology for calculating the cost of services offered to individuals and companies, the definition of the services price, analysis of new accounting regulations for services according to international provisions. Information, as subject of investigation using the analysis, synthesis, grouping data, the conceptual comparison methods, provides a valuable presentation of services sector under the accounting approach.
5 BOLOGNA ISSUES IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION, Armen TSHUGURYAN, Nune SRAPYAN
As a rule, in professional literature Bologna process is analyzed in terms of building a single European educational area leaving the comments regarding educational market global competitiveness in the shadow. This paper is an attempt to analyze Bologna process issues not only from a European but also from a geopolitical perspective.
6 CONSUMER PROPERTIES OF NATURAL SEMIS FROM MUSC DUCK MEAT, V.I. KRISHTAFOVICH, D.V. KRISHTAFOVICH, D.R. SHARAFUTDINOVA
Research of the morphological composition of Musc duck carcass has been done. The cutting scheme for a whole Musk duck has been presented. Quality indicators of natural semis in chemical, amino acid, fatty acid, vitamin and mineral composition have been studied. The results indicate a high nutritional and biological value of natural semis from Musk duck meat. Therefore, it can be recommended for diet purposes.
7 MAJOR TRENDS IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATION FUNDING IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA, Valentina GUTAN, Elena FUIOR
This paper focuses on the research of funding issue in terms of pre-school education system reform and streamlining the quality of preschool education. The study analyzes preschool education development and the implementation of appropriate educational strategies facilitating the creation of a training system that would ensure optimal coordination of rehabilitation efforts aimed at pre-school institutions in order to review their work program taking into consideration their financial support. Increased efficiency of funds, guided by pedagogical goals set at system’s and process level, is a fundamental variable for organizing the education of children in preschool institutions. At system level it aims both macro-structural finality and medium- and long term educational goals. At process level education involves the design of educational and teaching activities defined in preschool programs. Taking into consideration insufficient solutions to a range of problems related to the education of children in preschool institutions, choosing the directions of study, objectives and scope have a decisive role.
8 ACCOUNTING AND TAX DEPRECIATION OF FIXED ASSETS: METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS AND WAYS TO SOLVE THEM, Viorica GUTAN, Tudor TUHARI
This paper aims to identify difficulties when calculating the depreciation of fixed assets for tax purposes. Therefore, it is necessary to simplify this contradictory and difficult sector of accounting. In this respect, the author examines the causes of differences between tax and accounting depreciation and recommends solutions for improvement. Particularly, these regard the following measures: 1) establishing a single method for determining the amortization of fixed assets for financial and tax purposes; 2) recognizing a single input and amortization value of fixed assets in accounting and taxation; 3) calculation of amortization of fixed assets for tax purposes in the first year of operation depending on the date of their entry into service; 4) elimination of tax rules on the calculation of the value basis related to the category of fixed assets at the end of the reporting period by canceling them. The following methods were used for research: observation, comparison, selection, classification, analyses, and summary. The recommendations made by the author, allow changes to the tax code and respectively in this sector of accounting.
9 NETWORK AND PUBLIC GOODS IN NETWORK ECONOMICS, WEB MARKET PERSPECTIVE, Galina CARAGANCIU, Iulian CARAGANCIU
In this paper the authors aim to present the terms and basic notions of network economics. The aim of this presentation is to create an understanding of what is a network good. After presenting the terms of network goods we then will proceed to present the public goods, which have similar characteristics with network goods with some differences. Further, the web market will be presented supporting the idea why network goods and public goods characteristics should be presented within this example.
10 NEW WAYS TO ENSURE FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF CONSUMER CO-OPERATIVES, Corina CUSNIR
In terms of strengthening the market relations in the Republic of Moldova, financial strategy research of consumer cooperatives development, scientifically based, is transferred to the rank of priority economic problems. It is impossible to maintain consumer cooperative as a unique and complex system without ensuring necessary financial resources, which growth should be based on strengthening the economic potential. During the study general scientific methods were used, as well as specific methods of knowledge: systemic analysis, logical-historical, structural-functional, time analysis (dynamic, scientific abstraction, induction, deduction, statistical, etc. Systemic approach for elaborating the concept and model of financial stability of enterprises and organizations from consumer cooperatives system consists in establishing the interdependence between economic and financial potential, between mechanism of organization and legal regulation and methods for financial support of the field. The complex approach in researching the problems of financial support consists in the identification of particularities of the financial relations development in different historical periods, due to the legal regulation of the form of cooperative ownership. This paper aims to promote the field of consumer co-operatives in the Republic of Moldova, to analyze its role within social economy and give directions for its financial stability.
11 METHODOLOGICAL BASIS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF ACCOUNTING STUDENTS, Sofia CAPATINA
Initial training of accounting students in terms of skills development is an issue of higher education in the field of Economics actual when studying economic policy. The research methodology includes theoretical and experimental methods. The methodological approach toward the scientific content of a discipline in Economics, in this case accounting, demonstrates its effectiveness in practice and points out once again the teacher's role in ensuring optimal functionality of teaching-learning process.
12 MODERN TRENDS AND STRATEGIC GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF DOMESTIC TRADE, Larisa SAVGA; Svetlana TURCANU; Viorica SITNICENCO; Angela PANUTA
After becoming one of the most significant parts of modern economy as well as a main element of market economy, trade is strategically important for the sustainable development of the society. In terms of modern economy trade is also imperative for a balanced and sustainable development of any economic system. Changes occurring in this branch over the past two decades contributed to trade liberalization, trade entrepreneurship development, activity extension, and certain deficiencies have emerged at the same time: normative, legislative, organizational, managerial, consumer protection, etc. The aim of this paper is to highlight domestic trade issues in the Republic of Moldova and to propose solutions for their recovery. This paper analyses the current situation regarding domestic trade and its positioning within the socioeconomic system, as well as the challenges encountered. Based on this analysis, strategic objectives for the development of domestic trade have been pointed out. The study was performed employing a large array of research tools. The research results obtained have provided support for the development of Domestic Trade Development Strategy for 2014-2020 period, under implementation.
13 WITH REGARD TO MOLDOVA’S INTEGRATION OPTIONS: QUO VADIS AGRI-FOOD TRADE? , Alexandru STRATAN
During the period 2010-2013 the Republic of Moldova launched a number of initiatives for the development of its trade policy in order to ensure a more facilitating legal framework for the implementation of economic and trade relations with key external partners. An agreement on the creation of a free trade area in the CIS was signed in this period. Similarly, the Republic of Moldova started negotiating the Association Agreement with the European Union, which was initialed in November last year and is part of the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement (DCFTA). This article aims to assess the main effects of signing the Association Agreement for Moldovan agricultural sector while examining its reaction if Moldova would choose integration into Russian Federation, Belarus and Kazakhstan Customs Union.
14 PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF DOMESTIC TRADE IN UKRAINE , Victor APOPII
It’s necessary to mention that several factors have played an important role in the past 30 years in the expansion of internal and world trade, including emerging trade and development opportunities and challenges for all countries, in particular, developing countries, in the context of the growing integration of economies, national markets, rapid globalization, liberalization of tariffs, and other barriers to trade, foreign direct investment, increasing contribution of trade to development. The given study is disclosing the theoretical and methodological aspects of the impact of globalization processes on the nature of the development and dynamics of domestic trade. The relevance of this problem is determined by the lack of fundamental research in this area. It is determining scientifically the directions and trends of the globalization impact on the system of internal trade.
15 THE ROLE OF BRANDING IN THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURIST DESTINATION , Iryna MARKINA,Mariana DROGOMYRETSKA
The given paper is dedicated to the determination of the theoretical aspects of the destination branding as a driving force behind the development of tourism industry at a particular destination. The notion of the term “tourist destination” is considered by authors. It is proved that the implementation of tourist facilities traditionally result in an increasing interest of a tourist destination. Considerable attention is given to the analysis of the role of branding in the development of any geographical location. It is suggested by authors that nowadays many tourists traditionally choose a particular destination according to the total amount of the existing attractions it has to offer. By the way, it is defined that a strong, unique image is the essence of destination positioning for its ability to distinguish a particular tourist destination from competitors to get into the consumers’ minds, which simplify information continuously. The results confirm that branding allows destinations to show the main strengths, as well as to send clear messages to the potential consumers and to attract the investors in the tourism industry. Finally, it is noted that branding plays an important role in the development of tourist destinations, because the power of it is in making people aware of the particular destination and then linking desirable associations.
16 PROMOTION OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF FOOD MANUFACTURERS IN THE EMERGING NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL MARKET , Simion MORARU,Ala CAZACU,Irina RAEVSCAIA
Are you a business owner or a senior manager? Is your business directed toward a healthy and long-term development? Are you worried about company’s reputation? Are you oriented towards the increase of investment attractiveness? Are you interested in a mutually beneficial partnership with government and society? If so, then Social Responsibility should be a binding attribute of your Business. This paper will describe the most important components, dimensions, aspects, elements gathering Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) definitions. At the same time it’s very important to generalize experience and practices of enterprises, firms, companies which carry out many activities in terms of social responsibility in different fields of the economy from industrial developed countries of European Union. Such European experience accumulated in the sphere of business approach to Corporate Social Responsibility is very useful for the economy of Republic of Moldova, being in transnational period and moving towards a Free Market economy. We aim to determine how to promote Corporate Social Responsibility among food manufactures within the emerging National Agricultural market, taking into consideration factors which allow the formation of social responsibility on owners, stakeholders groups, and employees.
17 DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISE SECTOR IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA , Ludmila COBZARI,Lica ERHAN
This research focuses on the topic of evolutionary development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) sector in the Republic of Moldova. The current study is based on official data offered by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), the Organization for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Sector Development (ODIMM), the Ministry of Economy and own reflections of the authors. To achieve the goal of this research we started with an analysis of the current situation of SMEs from the Republic of Moldova in order to identify the most acute problems of this sector and suggest solutions and recommendations that would help overcome the highlighted problems.
18 STUDY ON MOLDOVAN BANKS’ SECURITIES PORTOFOLIO , Rodica HINCU,Marcelina ROSCA
Investment in securities, along with bank loans, represents a significant source of bank earnings and generally performs two key functions: it serves as a source of bank liquidity, i.e. funding resources to meet loan demand or customers' needs for cash, and as an additional source of earnings from capital gains obtained when portfolio securities are sold. This paper presents an interesting and actual topic because in national specialized literature there are few researches on Moldovan banks’ securities investments.
19 ANALYSIS OF LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK OF THE CONSUMER CO-OPERATIVES’ ACTIVITY AND VISIONS OF ITS IMPROVING , Larisa SAVGA,Liliana DANDARA
Consumer co-operatives in Moldova have become one of the most important sectors of the national economy in the Republic of Moldova, with a history of about 145 years. Having a deep social and democratic character and being concerned of meeting the needs of its members and the population in general, co-operatives have resisted challenges over time, and have developed, maintaining their autonomy. Socio-economic transformations in the country after the Declaration of independence have placed the sector in a process of continuous change to meet the challenges of the respective periods. Maintenance and development of consumer co-operatives, as well as keeping its heritage integrity required the development of appropriate legislative framework in the field. Adoption of the Law of Consumer Co-operatives and later of the Civil Code of the Republic of Moldova have determined the legal basis for the organization and functioning of consumer co-operatives. The analysis of legal framework reveals the existence of certain deficiencies, legal contradictions and gaps which represent a barrier to the development of consumer co-operatives. The paper offers a well-reasoned exposition of some recommendations on improving the legislative framework for consumer co-operatives, implementation of which will enhance the internal and external investments, will motivate the members and employees to develop co-operatives and work efficiently.
20 COMPETITION ON THE WEB STUDY THROUGH THE PRISM OF ECONOMICS OF NETWORK. CASE OF WEB COMPANIES FROM DIFFERENT GEOGRAPHIC AREAS, Iulian CARAGANCIU
This paper aims to develop a model that could help determine the rank of influence of a certain e-commerce company from a country against its competitors from other countries. In turn this gives us the possibility to understand better the area of competitive collusion between two e-commerce companies from different countries. One of the main competition models on the economics of networks topics, is Corominas-Bosch model. However the model is based on suppliers and customers which has a moderated utility in the field of web based business, due to the difficulty in determining the quantity of suppliers that a client is exposed to because of the awareness levels for a certain web business.
21 THE REFORM OF AGRIBUSINESS SECTOR OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA IN THE TRANSITION PERIOD , Simion MORARU,Ala CAZACU,Irina RAEVSCAIA
The reform of the agricultural sector is a basic component of national economy’s reform in the long process of creating the market economy. The formation of functioning of agricultural market on competitive principles needs: to transform (reform) the state ownership to private, to create adequate rural and agricultural infrastructures, to work out the adequate agricultural policies, simultaneously to realize institutional and administrative reforms adopted to new orientations of the market economy, to restructure the processing industries and preserve the environment. The involvement of state in the socio-economic development of agricultural sector follows the formation of effective farms based on the restoration of the private proprietorship, the technical modernization of this sector, and to develop the national biological patrimony, to ensure food security stabilization of prices at agricultural products by establishing farmer’s income and increasing budget’s accumulation based on a modern and stable system of import-export taxation.
22 IMPROVEMENT OF PRICE FORMATION MECHANISM IN PUBLIC EATING ESTABLISHMENTS , Sergiu PETROVICI
The author proposes a new mechanism of price formation in public eating establishments, which represents a combination of goods and services: a) food preparation, b) sale of goods, c) organization of consumption. Since public eating establishments represent an activity which combines the production with services, the author suggests keeping separate accounting of production and circulation costs. This is only the initial phase of price formation mechanism in public eating establishments. The next phase is to establish the resulted price, which includes the associated discounts depending on consumers’ demand for cooked dishes and marketing actions to serve customers. The author concludes that the price formation mechanism cannot be based on the calculation of cost of goods plus the bonus of trader, but this process should be adjusted through the marketing approach based on consideration of factors (behavioral, visual, indirect etc.) which influence the customers’ behavior.
23 BASIC ASPECTS FOR MODELLING THE BEST OPERATING PRACTICE FOR THE TRANSFERABILITY OF INVESTMENT ECONOMIC BENEFITS, Octav VOCHITA,Ion MAXIM
In the current economic context, whether the reference is for a private or government investment, the best practice in managing an investment interest is dependent on both the ability of authorities mandated to represent the realization of investment interest as well as their ability to use complex methods to assist in risk mitigation decision. Knowledge of such methods requires both a target for rational management of investment interest, geared towards best practice in resource allocation and best practice of allocating operational results to specific destinations and a subjective interest linked to increasing the professional performance and/or minimization the decisional risk. This article presents some basic concepts and ways of the practice methodological approach that can be benchmarks for meeting subjective interest related to the development of professional expertise in a form of addressing topics in another way than the classical one, to maximize profit oriented, mainly, to maximize the benefit of the investment made. At the same time, some derived notions are introduced, such as the function of transfer of embodied economic benefit, the function of request for embodied economic benefit transfer, the best practice in the management of operational activity, the best practice in resource allocation or the best practice in operational results allocation.
24 INITIAL TRAINING. MASTER COMPONENT , Tatiana PUIU
This paper presents some considerations on the initial training component of the learning process, which contributes to the complete and complex development of the individual and, at the same time, to the sustainable development of society. Training Master offers up-to-date and high quality training, nationally accredited, according to the needs of students and the society, deliver professional development courses in critical thinking skills, motivation, conflict management, work life balance and leadership skills. Our flexible training programme is suitable for groups and individuals. Of all stages through which the individual passes during his professional training, in this paper we address Master’s degree studies.