1 Syariah Courts in Malaysia and the Development of Islamic Jurisprudence: The Study of Istihsan, Mohd Hafiz Jamaludin, Ahmad Hidayat Buang
Malaysia is among the countries, which have very close relations with Shafi'i madhhab in term of Islamic Law. This can be seen from the provisions of Syariah Law in Malaysia where the opinion of the Shafi'i madhhab is preferred than other madhhabs. However, the current situations and issues cause that the other opinions from the other madhhabs are also used and practiced in order to provide the best solutions. This is also true in respect on the use of sources of Islamic law, such as Istihsan, Istislah and Qawl Sahabi, which are rejected by the Shafi'i madhhab. Therefore, this study attempts to analyze the development of Islamic law, particularly in the application of the concept of Istihsan in the Syariah Courts in Malaysia. This study has examined a number of cases reported in the Jurnal Hukum issued by the Syariah Judiciary Department of Malaysia (JKSM). The result of this study found that in several cases, the judges have applied indirectly the concept of Istihsan in their judgment. It is also found that it is actually the provisions of the law that allows the Shariah judges to indirectly apply this concept.
2 The Roles of the Institution of Pesantren in the Development of Rural Society: A Study in Kabupaten Tasikmalaya, West Java, Indonesia, Muhamad Mustari
Pesantrens are the oldest non-formal and traditional Islamic educational institution in Indonesia. These boarding institutions are uniquely Indonesian phenomenon, not found in other parts of the world. Nowadays, there is a widespread misjudgment that the pesantrens are said to train terrorist groups, promote Islamic fanaticism, and propagate conservative culture. Hence, some of the pesantrens are changing their paradigm, that is, from conservatism to modern-progressivism, while some others prefer to remain the same. The purpose of this study was to make an in-depth systematic analysis of the roles and contributions of pesantrens in the development of rural villages in Java, particularly in Tasikmalaya district which by itself had 761 pesantrens. This study employed the multiple case-study method. The cases were three large pesantrens and three small pesantrens, all located in Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. The pesantrens were in three categories: traditional, modern, and combination. Interview, observation, and document analysis were used to collect data. Face-to-face interviews were based on a standard check list developed for the study. The findings showed that pesantrens developed and implemented their own development plans, both for their own development and for rural development, as most pesantrens located in the rural areas.
3 The Impact of Malaysian Islamic Revivalism on Zakat Administration, Suhaili Sarif, Nor Azzah Kamri, Azian Madun
The development and advancement of zakat institution in Malaysia has been through time influenced by the changing social, political and economic situation of the country. An important phenomenon which shaped the institution is Islamic revivalism. Consequently, zakat has been one of the institutions which government keened to enhance. Another factor merits to be considered is the introduction of economic policies in which the government affirmatively inclined towards Malay Muslims enabling them to compete economically with other wealthier races. Within the spirit of the policies together with the direct influence by the emerging factors resulted from the revivalism phenomenon, the government has introduced corporatization of zakat institution, a modern way of zakat management. This article aims to survey the development of zakat in Malaysia which reflects the continuous process of Islamic revivalism in the nation. As we shall see throughout the discussion, the role of zakat institution has been through time expanded to be one of the national economic tools.
4 Entrepreneurship of Traditionalists Muslim at Tasikmalaya, West Java, Yadi Janwari
The difference of religious understanding does not have a significant relationship with economic behavior, especially entrepreneurship. The difference of religious understanding to traditional understanding and modern understanding becomes no longer significant to be associated with economic behavior. This means that the study of economic behavior associated with the difference of religious understanding to traditional understanding and modern understanding is very biased. This is because the most decisive variable in understanding the flow of economic behavior is not religious understanding, but rationality in economic decisions taken based on traditions, values, and straightforward arguments. This study have different conclusion with finding of Max Weber, Robert N. Bellah, David C. McClelland, and Clifford Geertz theories, in the context of socio-economic disciplines which states that there is a correlation between modern religious understanding and economic behavior. Their conclusion were not true base on is the fact that people who have an understanding of modern religious relate to economic behavior. In fact, based on this research, religious understanding that relates with economic behavior is precisely traditional religious understanding. Variables that determine the flow of economic behavior is not a religious understanding, but the rationality in economic behavior. Therefore, the emphasis of the conclusions formulated by Max Weber, Robert N. Bellah, David C. McClelland, and Clifford Geertz is not in its modern religious ideas, but in the rationality held by economic actors. Their conclusion may be justified if there is any further explanation that the modern religious understanding is rational and has implications for other aspects of life, including the aspect of economic activity. Besides, their finding could not generalized and gone into effect to other place owning different characteristic.
5 Zakat as an Instrument of Eradicating Poverty (Indonesian Case), Anton Athoillah
This paper describes more clearly about the charity as an instrument of poverty alleviation. Said to be more pronounced because zakat is not only described from the aspect of Islamic law, but also from the aspect of Islamic Economics. Starting from the idea of a content analysis of two professors of Economic Development, Prahalad and Yuyun Wirasasmita, this paper reveals the fundamental aspects of the causes of poverty, namely culture, alienation and exploitation. In this paper, the charity manages to pack in a comprehensive manner to a complementary instrument, whether Islamic law, and even Islamic Economics. Among the novelties in this paper is a substantive interpretation of zakat which is connected with the theory of economic development, dikomaparasikan with tax and economic-mathematical analysis to find a charity to further its position in the study of economics. As for other things that were outlined in this paper is the normative aspects of zakat, as where dieksplisitkan, as an instrument of poverty alleviation for various sectors, as seen from its usability goals.
6 Images of the West in Urban Indonesia: Muslims Negotiating the Western Path to Modernity, Melanie V. Nertz
Islamic fundamentalism and terrorism is unjustified. In fact, the political change after 1998 and the increasing influence of religion combined with an intensified process of globalization have led to socio-cultural vicissitudes inIndonesia beyond which we can only estimate what future patterns of orientation the population will have. Based on data from informal conversations, interviews and participant observation, it will be argued that, notwithstanding considerable variations, Muslim Indonesians uphold not solely negative but ambivalent images of the West and that in comparison with and opposition to the „Self? or „Own? the West is examined as one of many frames of reference by which modernity is negotiated and can be put into practice. Many interlocutors overcame the binary of East and West by envisioning that Indonesia could combine the advantages of both, the Own and the Foreign in order to step into a desirable future.
7 Sheikh Bin Wan Ismail Wan Abdul Qadir (d. 1965) And His Efforts in the Field of Islamic Faith, Mujahid Mustafa Bahjat, Mosidi Sally Bin Saleh
Wan Ismail Shaikh Abdul Qadir was one of the Ulema, he known to struggle in spreading Islamic Aqedah and development in the Patani region in particular and generally in Malay region, this study will provide an overview of his life and contribution to science, and also the study of the struggle to spread knowledge in the Islamic faith. One of the relics of his work is "Bakurah ?? ????? for the Layman Patani" is the greatest work of his in the Islamic Aqedah Science until recently used as a guide and reference in the study of science aqidah in the Malay region.
8 Liberalism in the Islamic World and its influence in the Malay Archipelago: Model in Indonesia, Abbas Mansur Tamam
Liberalism means here Orientalist attempt to attract even Islam conformity with the principles of Western liberalism in form and substance. Hence Zhardha in the Islamic world have to do Orientalism, which under his leadership became the U.S. currently wants Islam that corresponds to the values of modernity and secularism and Western liberalism. And this phenomenon coincides appearance in the Islamic world with its appearance Malay archipelago and Indonesia to face particular Alholanda since colonial days, and then taking this trend develops even have an influence on contemporary history in these islands. So this includes talking on two things: Orientalist role for the emergence of liberalism in the Islamic world, and its influence in the Malay islands.
9 The Effect of Situational Leadership Behavior Organizational Culture and Human Resources Management Strategy on Education and Training Institution Productivity (Survey on Educational and Vocational Training Institutions in West Java Province) , Iskandar
The aim of this research is to analyze: situational leadership behavior, organizational culture and productivity of vocational training institutes in west Java Province. The correlation between situational leadership behavior and organizational culture at vocational training institutes, the effect of situational leadership behavior and organizational culture toward productivity of vocational training institutes in west Java Province. This research uses organizational behavior and human resources management approach. The type of the research is descriptive and verificative, while the method used both descriptive and explanatory survey. Investigation type is casualty and time horizon in cross sectional. The sample size used is proportionate sampling by taking sample 115 vocational training institute of spread over 19 locations totally, all its population counted 719 vocational training institutes in west Java Province. The data analyzed by descriptive analytic and path analysis. The result of research shows, 1) situational leadership behavior and organizational culture in generalities, rather high score and the productivity at vocational training institutes to society, cooperation with company or industry in training program development, and placement of training graduate assessed by rather low, 2) there is correlation which significant between situational leadership behavior and organizational at vocational training institutes in west Java Province, 3) situational leadership behavior, organizational culture has significant effect simultaneously and partially productivity of vocational training institutes in west Java Province.
10 Indonesian Islamic Women Movement (A Case Study of BKSWI West Java) , Masripah
This article discusses the women's movement in the organization BKSWI Indonesia Islam (Islam Women Cooperation Agency) West Java. Discussion of the methodology used is descriptive qualitative analysis. The conclusion based on the results of the discussion that: BKSWI can be assumed as the activities pursued women and can strengthen the organization by emphasizing equality and togetherness with me aim materialized unity among Islamic women's organizations as well as the implementation of Islamic teachings in increasing the degree and character of women in the life personal, household, and community are blessed by God, in order to realize the potential of the field of religious struggles of womanhood and society in me run that purpose, the HR (caretaker), facilities and funding access, information, culture management organizations, internal and external communications, leadership, organizational environment conducive Islamic women.
11 Relevance of Financial Performance and Good Corporate Governance Determinant of Sustainaibility Corporate Social Responsibility Disclousure in Islamic Bank in Indonesia , Fitriyah Fitriyah, Ulfi Oktaviana Oktaviana
The purpose of the paper is to investigate role of the financial performance, ownership structure and number of syari'a supervisory board of Islamic banks in Indonesia on the sustainability of corporate social responsibilities (CSR) disclosure. Ownership structure and number of syari'a supervisory board of Islamic banks as proxy of implementation good corporate governance (GCG). There are seven (7) fully fledge Islamic banks in Indonesia. This study uses logic regression to test empirically whether the CSR is highly influenced by the factors identified earlier. Evidence was found that size, ROA and leverage do not have significant role in corporate social responsibilities (CSR) disclosure. Specifically, the results infer the fact that the CSR disclosures are significant and positively associated to bank size and ownership structure only. The result of the study has confirms the hypothesis that bank size and ROA has positive associated with CSR disclosure. This suggested that large and profitable banks have more resources to devote to social activities. Leverage negatively influences the disclosure of CSR. Thus, lowly leveraged banks will tend to make larger donations than highly leveraged banks. Ownership structure and number of syari'a supervisory board of Islamic banks have positive associated to CSR disclosure. These results also confirm the predictions that good corporate governance mechanism lead to the greater monitoring and thereby greater CSR disclosure.
12 Marketing Analysis Strategy Organic Rice at UD. Padi Marketing Region Bekasi with Single Agent (Yasin Holistic Super Organic), Euis Dasipah, Is Zunaini Nursinah, Taryadi Taryadi
Organic food (organic rice) actually is not something new for Indonesian people. Before "Green Revolution" (1960th), Indonesian farmers have produced rice without using chemical pest and fertilizer (conventional rice). Holistic Super Organic (HSO) rice is one of the brand organic rice, which is sold in Indonesia's market. Usaha Dagang (U.D. Padi) is the company, which is special to produce, and marketing HSO rice. The research is wanted to know marketing strategy HSO rice, especially in district of Bekasi with SWOT analysis. This research used case study methods with held by interview and literature study. The result of analyzing identified that the strengths from U.D. Padi was dominant and the opportunities so on. So, the next plan of marketing's strategy for is Aggressive Strategy. Aggressive Strategy is the effort to maximalize the strengths to get the opportunities optimally. The strengths of U.D. Padi is the especially of product and the distribution strategy which was held with excellent. The opportunities U.D. Padi is the wealth people who was increasing and the distributor channel who was welcome.
13 Islamic Counselling Model to Increase Religious Commitment (Study of Students at the University UIN Bandung) , Fenti Hikmawati
The study aims to test the effectiveness of Islamic counseling model for helping the students to tight their religious commitment. The religious commitment is covered in three major Islamic teachings: Iman (faith), Islam (surrender to Allah), and lhsan (state of being observed by Allah). The model of Islamic counseling aims to tight students' religious commitment must to be applied immediately because the preface study reveals some students' religious commitment were not strong enough, their behavior and thinking symptoms tend to not appropriate yet with Islam norm among their association and conception toward the truth of God. To achieve the aim, the study was carried out with three steps: (1) designing a model of counseling; (2) trying out field study, using pretest-post test control group experimental design with 140 students of Islamic Religion Education, the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teaching, State Islamic University, Sunan Gunung Djati, Bandung. Of 140 students, 70 students are from the classes: A (32 people), B (38 people), involved in control group and the test; 37 people from class C, and 33 students from class D involved in the experiment group, and; (3) designing a final model by revising the model tried-out. The variable involved three major Islamic dimensions: the iman, Islam, and ihsan of the students. The model was designed based on the theory put forward by Musfir bin Said Az-Zalmmi, that is, an integrated counseling model. The model combines and employs the ideas from other concepts into a tightly united concept, called Islamic concept. Upon completing analysis, it was found that the new concept is significantly effective to enhance students' religious commitment. A Model of Islamic Counseling (MIC) is an alternative-counseling model that can be employed for teenagers/ students to enhance their religious commitment. The study recommends that: (1) MIC can be applied to fifth semester students in the Faculty of Tarbiyah State Islamic University; (2) the application of MIC collaborates with professional and proportional elements relevant to the expected aim; (3) the researchers studying the same materials use the appropriate method appropriate to individual characteristics referring to Islamic norms kaffah (integrally).
14 A Comparative Study About Cost of the Pilgrimage Characteristics-Based Rupiah and Dinar (Survey on Pt. Bank Syariah Mandiri Branch Bandung and Dinar Tauhid Bandung), Firmansyah
Hajj is obligatory for Muslims who are able, physically, mentally, and materially. Trend of pilgrims making the Hajj pilgrimage from year to year increase. Due to capacity limitations in Mecca that makes every country of the quota number of people who can perform the pilgrimage every year. Because currencies are pilgrims Indonesia Rupiah (paper money not based on gold / fiat money), then the Hajj planning to use the money amount in at least two uncertainties, the factors of inflation and exchange rate factors (exchange rate). Because these two factors the cost of the pilgrimage (ONH) has a tendency to increase every year, up from year to year. increases in the cost of the pilgrimage can be a very significant amount. To fulfill the ONH is one way to save money both in rupiah in PT. Bank Syariah Mandiri Branch Bandung or even saving dinar (4.25 grams of 22 carat gold) in Dinar Tauhid Bandung. This study aims to determine the operating system cost of the pilgrimage rupiah based in PT. Bank Syariah Mandiri, operating system cost of pilgrimage Dinar based in Dinar Tauhid Bandung, and the comparison of operating system-based cost of pilgrimage rupiah in PT. Bank Syariah Mandiri with dinar based in the Dinar Tauhid Bandung. Object of research is only one ONH, with different places, there are PT. Bank Syariah Mandiri branch of Bandung and Dinar Tauhid Bandung. In this study, use of comparative research methods. With the type of research is a qualitative study consisting of a definition of Haj savings and the savings contract is used, the mechanism of how to save money, and profit sharing. Primary data obtained from interviews with relevant parties, while the secondary data obtained from books, journals, internet and other literature.Based on the results of research that has been done shows that saving money dinar with the product more profitable m-dinar is free of ONH price inflation rise to an average of 11.21% per year, and the dinar appreciated on average toward the rupiah currency (fiat money) by 26,46% per year. Saving dinar get favorable share outcome.
15 Islam Aboge: Islam and Cultural Java Dialogue (A Study of Islam Aboge Communities in Ujungmanik, Cilacap, Central Java, Indonesia), Abdurrahman Misno Bambang Prawiro
Islam came to Java in which the state population has a form of cultural traditions and belief in the power of certain objects (dynamism), the strength of the spirit of the deceased (animism) and belief in the power of the animals (Totemism). This tradition has been passed from generation to generation; it is believed and practiced in daily life. So when Islam came, confidence and trust is dissolved into the Islamic culture. Therefore comes the so-called Islamic syncretism that is acculturation with Islamic tradition. Among the forms of local acculturation (Java) with Islam is a tradition embraced by the Muslim Aboge community in the village of Ujungmanik Kawunganten Cilacap district, Central Java province, Indonesia. These community traditions carry with spiced Javanese Islamic tradition, the Islamic came with local flavor. The specificity of this community are still use the models of Javanese Islamic calendar (calendar Aboge (Alip Rebo Wage)) to determine the beginning of Ramadan, Idhul Fithri and Idhul Adha. Because of the using of the calendar, so that the celebrations of Ramadhan, Idhul Fitri and Idhul Adha is always different to what has been set by the government. This article discusses Islam and Javanese acculturation on Aboge Islamic Community and the dating models they use. With the approach of phenomenology and interpretation of cultural studies in the frame of ethnography, it is expected to make clear this acculturation models.
16 The Pesantren Networking in Priangan (1800-1945) , Ading Kusdiana, Nina Herlina Lubis, Nurwadjah Ahmad EQ, Mumuh Muhsin Z
This research is about the networks of pesantren in Priangan from 1800 to 1945. The result shows that along 1800-1945, there were many networks that described the relations among pesantrens in Priangan. There are five networks forms as manifested from those relations. First, the networks among pesantrens, which were formed, are based on scientific relation. They are Pesantren Al-Falah Biru, Pangkalan and Keresek in Garut; Gentur, Kandang Sapi and Darul Falah Jambudipa in Cianjur; Sukamiskin Bandung; and Darul Ulum in Ciamis. Those pesantrens have intellectual relation that pointed to one public figure, namely Syekh Khatib Sambas in Mecca. Second, the networks among pesantrens, which were formed, are based on relative (genealogy) relations. The existence of Pesantren Sumur Kondang, Keresek, Gentur, and Cijawura were the ones that have this relation. Third, the networks among pesantrens, which were formed, are based onmarriage relation. For instance, Pesantren Cidewa with Pagerageung, Pesantren Cipari with Cilame, Cipasung with Gentur Rancapaku, Cijantung with Gegempalan, Sukamiskin with Al-Jawami, and Pesantren Sukamiskin with Cijawura Bandung, were the ones that have this relation. Fourth, the networks among pesantrens, which were formed, are based on the similarities in developing a particular Islamic mysticism (tarekat). The existence of Pesantren Suryalaya which develops Qodiriyah wa Naqsabandiyah mysticism—followed by generating their talqin and Pesantren Al-Falah Biru which develops Tijaniyah mysticism—followed by generating their muqaddam are the ones of this relation. Fifth, the networks among pesantrens, which were formed, are based on the same vision of their movement and struggle against the colonizer. The existence of Pesantren Al-Falah Biru with Samsul Ulum Gunung Puyuh through POII (Persatoean Oemat Islam Indonesia) organization, and Pesantren Cipasung with Sukamanah through Nahdhatul Ulama organization in Tasikmalaya were the ones who struggle against the colonizers of Netherland and Japan.
17 Fractional Banking System with the Unknown Risk (see verses), Jilani Ben Touhami Meftah
The fractional banking system to day is the basis banking transactions, it is the engine of economic processes in the global banking and the seed that grew out of the economies around the globe and the main factor attributed to the successes of the global economy and its failures. Perhaps the most important reasons for this neglect is the adoption of thought Islamic Economics contemporary, and the seriousness of this matter is fractional banking is some of the descriptions on the origins of the law and rules.
18 The Rights of non-Muslims in Islamic Law, Ahmad Dalbahi
Constitutional law in Islam has been protecting the rights of all citizens of either Muslims or non-Muslims. In this study will be discussed several issues relating primarily to the rights of individuals in relation to the rights of citizens, especially Muslims as Muslims progress of individual rights, the right to obtain justice, honor guard in getting fair treatment from the state.
19 The Commercialisation of Modern Islamic Insurance Providers: A Study of Takaful Business Frameworks in Malaysia, Kamaruzaman Noordin, Mohd. Rijal Muwazir @Muzakir, Azian Madun
A commercial insurance contract is deemed invalid by many Muslim scholars due to the fact that it is a mu`awada (financial exchange) contract, which is overwhelmed by prohibited elements such as gharar (uncertainty), riba (interest), and maysir (gambling). As an alternative, a Shari`acompliant insurance scheme (also known as takaful) that supposedly run on the principles of mutual co-operation was proposed by the scholars and subsequently institutionalized in the late 1970s. Nevertheless, after more than 30 years, it appears that the majority of takaful operators currently exist worldwide were established as joint-stock or public limited companies (PLCs). As a result, it could be argued that the original concept of takaful was later overshadowed by the element of profit-making as observed in commercial insurance entities. This paper therefore sets out to examine those issues, which directly relate to this form of commercialisation. It argues that since the establishment of insurance companies based on commercial framework is impermissible, it could possibly affect the validity of present takaful arrangement. This study is mainly qualitative and relies greatly upon the documentation method. It is also based on a fieldwork method, since the business models adopted by several takaful operators in Malaysia are carefully examined. In general, it is found that the characteristics of a commercial takaful entity may not necessarily be similar to that of its conventional counterpart.
20 Opening the Door: How the Regional Autonomy Has Made the Implementation of Perda Sharia Possible?, Erwin Nur Rif'ah
Sharia-influenced regional regulations (perda sharia) are regulations or laws that are created by district governments and use Islamic moral teachings as a reference point. This article based on a qualitative research in two districts: Cianjur, West Java and Bulukumba South Sulawesi. In general, perda sharia seeks to manage three aspects of public life: firstly, to eradicate moral and social problems such as prostitution, drinking alcohol and gambling; secondly, to enforce ritual observances among Muslims such as reading the Qur’an, attendance at Friday prayers and fasting during Ramadan, and thirdly, to govern the way people dress in the public sphere, especially in relation to head-veiling for the women.
21 Syeikh Abdul Qadir Bin Abdur Rahim Al-Fathani Bukit Bayas (1864) Towards Hadith Works and Writings of Fiqh Muamalat al-Maliyyah: An Introduction of The Malay Jawi Manuscript Entitled: Risalah fi Bayani Hukmi Bai’i war Riba, Mohd Khairul Nizam, Mahmud Ahmad, Nurul Jannah
The Malay work of writings which put Hadith as the Mawdu’ (title) of the writings of Malay Archipelago’s scholars is considered Nadir (small). This view is based on the remnants and the writings of Malay Archipelago’s scholars that are mostly focused on the aspect of tasawuf, fiqh and tauhid. This can be seen from their works or books circulated in the market that are still be read by the Malays. The historical development of knowledge in the Malay archipelago stated that the Malay ulamas have been in command of various fields of knowledge and disciplines such as Astronomy, Mathematics, Medicine and etc.This paperwork is an effort to discover the treasure of those Malay ulamas in producing written works on Fiqh Muamalat al-Maliyyahand putting hadith as a source. This writing is also to introduce Syeikh Abdul Qadir Bin Abdur Rahim Al-Fathani Bukit Bayas Terengganu and his book entitled “Risalah fi Bayani Hukmi Bai’i war Riba (papers describing on the matters of purchasing and interests). This book has been classified as a nadir (small) manuscript. This paper will also observe the method used in narrating hadith, total number of hadith and the source of hadith in the book.
22 Abdul Halim and His Movement (1911-1962) Seeking Historical Roots of Persatuan Ummat Islam (PUI) Movement, Wawan Hernawan
This research aims to reconstruct a movement led by Halim from 1911 to 1962. This is an important task in the global era when every body idolizes a global leader. People should be aware and wise to count a local leader who has a significant role in developing and creating a history of a country. In the era when people tend to be static and fatalistic person, Halim proposed a dynamic and progressive thinking. By applying a historical research method, this research found that Halim’s efforts to find out national identity has been initiated since his young age until he passed away. Halim has significantly contributed to the growing of many other movements led by younger generations after him. Halim has also succeeded in solving local people’s problems particularly on education, dakwa and social problems. The emergence of Persatuan Umat Islam (PUI) organization is a fact of Halim’s efforts and struggles.
23 Empowering Muslim Women Though Executive Coaching & Mentoring, Fadila Grine
This paper examines the role and effect of executive coaching and mentoring on the empowerment of Muslim women and enhancing their levels of contribution. It further substantiates the manner in which executive coaching can accommodate both the nature and needs of Muslim women while further unleashing her respective talents, creativity and skills. The study further highlights the role and significance of coaching in spheres relevant to family, as well as social and career development. This study highlights the use of the strategic technique for personal and leadership development set to explore talents, leaders and implicit abilities. Moreover, it exhibits the flexibility of self-coaching and its appropriateness for Muslim women, especially concerning self-development, which in turn influences social and institutional development. This inquiry highlights a number of practical results which emphasizes the viability and efficacy of executive coaching on personal and institutional levels as far as the making of better world for Muslim women is concerned.
24 Pesantren Responses to Religious Tolerance, Pluralism and Democracy in Indonesia, Nurrohman
Pesantren (Islamic boarding school) is the oldest Islamic institution in Indonesia that often affiliated to the largest mass Muslim organization Nahdlatul Ulama. This organization is well known for its stance to uphold moderate, tolerance Islam and accepting pluralistic state based on Pancasila. Pesantren also often referred as the barometer to understand the way of thinking of Muslims grass root in Indonesia because many Islamic figures in Indonesian village are alumni of pesantren. There are debates among scholars on whether religious violence has a root in religious doctrine or it is caused by factors outside religion such as poverty or injustice. By assuming that both inside and outside factors have significant contribution to violence or radicalism this study will discuss the doctrine that potentially can be used to justify violence and intolerance by reviewing the opinion of pesantren leaders in West Java on jihad, violence or intolerance and power. This study is aimed to examine whether the commitment of Muslim leaders in national level on democracy and plurality is supported by grass root particularly from pesantren leaders. Overall the study found that although they agree that democracy is compatible with Islam, this study reveals that their acceptance to pluralism still be questioned as evidenced by almost half of them supported theocratic caliphate carry out by radical group. Although many argued that pesantren promotes tolerance and pluralism, nevertheless this study shows that some of their teaching tacitly supported violence act in the name of religion that will tarnished the effort of Indonesia to synchronize Islam, democracy and modernity. It means that many of them actually not wholeheartedly accepted democracy and pluralism.
25 Islam and Economic Development: Exploring the Role of Indonesian Muslim Society in Developing Islamic Microfinance Institution, Ayi Yunus Rusyana
Although a religion is considered as a one of the cultural barriers that can impede an economic development, nevertheless in this paper I prove that Islam as well as Muslim society has a big role to empower economic life in Indonesian Muslim. The growth of Bayt al-M?l wa al-Tamw?l (BMT), Islamic microfinance institution, initiated by Muslim community is a great evidence on how religioun gave a positive impact in economic development in Indonesia. Using the theory of collective action proposed by Alberto Melucci, I explore the main factors that influenced Muslims to establish BMT, and how BMT movement develops in Indonesian Muslim society. Overall, in this paper I argue that the BMT movement can be considered as a social movement where the civil society takes more important role than the state. Interestingly, the lack of regulation is not becoming an obstacle for Muslim society to establish and develop BMT in some regions in Indonesia.
26 Islamic Nuance in Decorative-Ornament Architecture Art in Nusantara, Abdullah Yusof, Aizan Hj. Ali @ Mat Zin, Ahmad Faisal Abdul Hamid
The advent of Islam in Nusantara sparked new phenomena or changing not only in structure of building construction of religious places, residency and houses but also ornaments and decoration expressing value of beauty of that building. The result of this research tries to reveal how far Islamic influence is working without undermining local aspects of architecture and how Islamic architecture was influenced by other characters in ornament and decorative-ornament artwith various design and sense. Islamic nuances are substantially showed in traditional and contemporary mosque architecture, graveyard, residencies, palaces, historical building and soon and so forth. Although local elementsare clear, and so with Hinduism and Buddhism, animism, colonial influence and other foreign influences including Middle East, Africa, India and China, Islam shows its prominence in interior and exterior ornament as well as its tools.
27 Improving Islamich Higher Education: Lessons From John Dewey and Ivan Illich, Muhammad Adib Abdushomad
Apart from these research are trying to understand, economic and political philosophy, or ideology, underlies approaches that undertaken by government to deliver their services. In relation to the above discussion, this paper aims to elaborate the two thinkers; John Dewey and Ivan Illich to see how Islamic education could meet human needs, particularly to enhance the institutions that enable people to develop their full potentiality. This paper will elaborate the two thinkers’ perspectives and bring it into real situation in my department. The first section will capture the debate on education and schooling, includes the aims of education, and also approach to educational policy. Following this, the second section is going to analyses John Dewey and Ivan Illich perspectives on education. Thirdly, reconstruct a new way of thinking based on ideological approaches for the directorate of Islamic Higher education (DOIHE) to find out a better way to address some problems occurs recently.
28 Psychological Analysis on Autogenesis as Preface to God Cognition (A Comparative Analysis of View Point of Imam Ali ibn Abu Talib --peace be upon him-and Scholars of Education and Pedagogy) , Seyed Eshaq Hoseini Kuhsari, Ali Redha Mohammad Redhaei
One of the questions which has engaged the mind and soul of many people is: how can fifteen century old teachings of Islam and its guide lines given by Prophet Mohammad (peace be upon him) and infallible Imams (peace be upon them) can answer the needs of today and how can it lead the way of today’s people to perfection? Is the teaching of Islam compatible with science of today? The present papertries to emphasize on teachings of Islam not belonging to people of specific time period, and have static and variable laws and comprehensive view on every aspect of life. It also performs an analytic and comparative study on viewpoint of psychologists and sayings of Imam Ali's concerning the most fundamental need of humanity; Autogenesis and perfectionism. Probably it may help us answer the above questions and will also help us in manifesting some part of that infallible Imam's endless knowledge.