1 A Sociophysical Approach To Relationship Between Politics and Economy: The Lagrange Model of The Crowds , Tolga Ulusoy Kastamonu University, FEAS, Kastamonu, Turkey Alper Tunga ÅžEN Kastamonu University, FEAS, Kastamonu, Turkey
Individuals can be thought of as physical elements within the social system. When they are considered as the decision factors of society, in addition to showing differences as individuals, they can lose their individuality by displaying each other's characteristics under community behavior (if the nucleus of an atom were an individual, the electrons that revolve around it would be other individuals and society). Individuals that are called factors or agents that shape collective behavior and constitute the core of society also play a role in determining the mechanism of the political system in a country. In this study, it was discussed whether the Lagrangian Approach, which maintains its place in the literature with its application to many areas, can be successful in modeling political developments and political decisions of communities. It was assumed that in political systems there is stability at the level where mutual satisfaction is maximum, the concept of social entropy and atomization and order and disorder between groups or individuals were modeled on the axis of political science and sociophysics, and it was observed that the basic macroeconomic variables (unemployment, income distribution, inflation, per capita income, gini coefficient, welfare, etc.) are influential in social entropy and atomization diffusion.
2 The Effect Of Investors’ Cognitive Bias On Stock Decision Making , Funda CÄ°VEK Hitit University, Çorum, Turkey
There have been many differences in the evolving process from the traditional economy to the behavioral economy. Conventional finance has made progress within the framework of rational choice and expected benefit asumptions. Behavioral finanse is based on expectation theory. In fact, it is based on the argument that individuals are not fully rational. Within the scope of irrational act of individuals, the ability to select stocks has been illusory. The point is that different ways of thinking occur. It is seen that buyer and seller perspectives are opposite to each other with a complex thinking. In other words, when buyers buy stocks, they think that the price is low and this may increase, and sellers think that the price is too high and may fall. In fact, it is a complex structure of how buyers and sellers in the markets are convinced that a certain price is uncertain. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of decision-making process on investor emotional prejudices, whether the decision mechanisms are more effective when buying stocks in the market or the idea that people are competent to know more than the market.
3 A Theoretical Perspective on Behavioral Finance With Lagrangian Approach , Hakan Ä°NAÇ Marmara University, Engineering Management Science, 34722, Istanbul, Turkey
Behavioral finance is a discipline of finance that interacts with psychology and is concerned with how psychological factors affect investors' behavior and decisions to provide a better explanation of finance. Traditional finance ignores behavior and psychology when examining individuals' financial decisions. Traditional finance theory has two main priorities. First, human behavior is rational in the decision-making process. The second is the expected utility theory. Behavioral finance discusses these two areas. The expected utility theory always assumes individuals learning through experimentation. Investors take their feelings into account when investing. Using minds as calculators is a behavior that is unique to robots. Some traders only consider certain calculations when trading. What is rational is that individuals will consider their cognitive limitations when investing, even if they do not want to. Behavioral finance helps investors understand the market, their own investment decisions, and other investors' investment decisions. Similarly, financial markets make it easier for investors to make recommendations that are appropriate to their needs and wishes. Efforts to understand how people behave when making financial decisions have played an important role in the development of behavioral finance, which has developed further since the 1970s. Although the psychology of the investor is quite effective in the financial markets, it has been neglected from time to time. Investors are only economic when making decisions, or the way they perceive past experiences and opportunities, together with financial indicators, are effective in their decisions. Behavioral finance is the application of psychology to finance. According to behavioral finance, investors are rational. In its broadest sense, behavioral finance is the combination of economics and finance. Behavioral finance is interested in how emotions and biases affect financial decisions, companies, and financial markets. The behavior of investors is the result of prospect theory. Prospect theory describes how people evaluate and frame a decision in case of uncertainty. Framing is a common behavior that influences ideas and decisions. In the prospect theory, people reconsider every investment to examine their losses and gains. These are called mental accounting 
4 Software Development Methodology Selection with Human Resource Management Approach and a New System Design on Database: Blockchain Application , Kübra ÖNCÜ  Marmara University, Ä°stanbul, Turkey
The aim of the study is primarily to investigate the applicability of Blockchain technologies in the design of the ongoing recruitment process in the companies. This can bring a more professional perspective especially to the international companies by providing document transaction in fast and secure way. Many of the problems in Human Resources departments includes recruitment problems. Today’s recruitment process built on accessing information about candidates and eliminating those who does not meet job requirements based on their resumes. Therefore, Human Resource specialists often use career websites and it is significant to have an impressive number of resume in their resume pools. In the end, there is a resume pool that has been built with a very large unqualified and even false information about candidates. In addition, there are difficulties in getting the employees' equivalence certificates or transcripts about their education and proving their experience and certificates gained abroad. This causes delays in gathering and verifying the information and documents of job applicants. Although some mistakes are difficult to remedy, it is of great importance to be against fraud and to improve the hiring process. This is possible thanks to Blockchain Technologies and strategic process flow approach. Since Blockchain’s main asset is solving the problem of trust between individuals, Blockchain based model is recommended with a new recruitment approach. BHR Platform represents a Platform which can be used for keeping records and transaction of documents in secure way. This platform recommends to create a decentralized Peer to Peer(P2P) network which stores reliable, trusted, transparent information. This will assure an effective recruitment process while decr easing operational costs.
5 Using Blockchain and Cryptocurrency: A Model of Resources Based Economy , Onur UYGUN Marmara University, Ä°stanbul, Turkey Article
Although this work seems utopic, it is an alternative or can work together with existing economic model. The goal is the idea of a coin that will gain value with respect to real economic resources, with high security, which can be mining according to the requirements, using blockchain or derivative technology shaped according to needs. In other words, it is to develop the financial instrument of the resource-based economy. The money in our country is based on the gold reserves and is printed by representing the trust in the countries that use fiat money like America. There is no reference point for the amount to be produced during the mining (production) of crypto coins. Let's imagine that a crypto coin is issued according to the country's sources. Among the biggest problems of today are the negativities that exist in the economy. Various solutions and models related to these topics are presented. The inequality of income distribution is economic crises and scarcity are the first ones that come to mind. It will be assumed whether the monetary and economic policies that exist at the axis of the problems are of benefit or harm, to what extent the resource-based economy will be an alternative, and to what extent the crypto-money. Also we investigate how we can such an economy can be solutions to the problems.
6 A Sociophysical Approach To Relationship Between Politics and Economy: The Lagrange Model of The Crowds , Ulusoy Tolga; Åžen Alper Tunga
Individuals can be thought of as physical elements within the social system. When they are considered as the deciding factors of society, in addition to showing differences as individuals, they can lose their individuality by displaying each other's characteristics under community behavior (if the nucleus of an atom were an individual, the electrons that revolve around it would be other individuals and society). Individuals that are called factors or agents that shape collective behavior and constitute the core of society also play a role in determining the mechanism of the political system in a country. In this study, it was discussed whether the Lagrangian Approach, which maintains its place in the literature with its application to many areas, can be successful in modeling political developments and political decisions of communities. It was assumed that in political systems there is stability at the level where mutual satisfaction is maximum, the concept of social entropy and atomization and order and disorder between groups or individuals were modeled on the axis of political science and sociophysics, and it was observed that the basic macroeconomic variables (unemployment, income distribution, inflation, per capita income, gini coefficient, welfare, etc.) are influential in social entropy and atomization diffusion.
7 The Effect Of Investors’ Cognitive Bias On Stock Decision Making , Civek Funda
There have been many differences in the evolving process from the traditional economy to the behavioral economy. Conventional finance has made progress within the framework of rational choice and expected benefit assumptions. Behavioral finance is based on the expectation theory. In fact, it is based on the argument that individuals are not fully rational. Within the scope of the irrational acts of individuals, the ability to select stocks has been illusory. The point is those different ways of thinking occur. It is seen that buyer and seller perspectives are opposite to each other with complex thinking. In other words, when buyers buy stocks, the price is low and this may increase, and sellers think that the price is too high and may fall. In fact, it is a complex structure of how buyers and sellers in the markets are convinced that a certain price is uncertain. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of the decision-making process on investor emotional prejudices, whether the decision mechanisms are more effective when buying stocks in the market or the idea that people are competent to know more than the market.
8 A Theoretical Perspective on Behavioral Finance With Lagrangian Approach , Ä°naç Hakan
Behavioral finance is a combination of economics and finance. Behavioral finance studies how emotions and biases affect financial markets. The behavioral finance approach includes the prospect theory and the efficient market hypothesis. Prospect theory deals with investors' attitudes towards stocks, while the effect of prices on resources is examined in the efficient market hypothesis. Behavioral finance is interested in the impact of factors such as overconfidence, mental accounting, and gambler's fallacy among the factors affecting the investor's behaviors. This paper aims to explain behavioral finance and the effect of behavioral finance on the market value of a company.
9 Software Development Methodology Selection with Human Resource Management Approach and a New System Design on Database: Blockchain Application , Öncü Kübra
The aim of the study is primarily to investigate the applicability of Blockchain technologies in the design of the ongoing recruitment process in the companies. This can bring a more professional perspective especially to international companies by providing document transactions in a fast and secure way. Many of the problems in Human Resources departments include recruitment problems. Today's recruitment process built on accessing information about candidates and eliminating those who do not meet job requirements based on their resumes. Therefore, Human Resource specialists often use career websites and it is significant to have an impressive number of resumes in their resume pools. In the end, there is a resume pool that has been built with a very large unqualified and even false information about candidates. In addition, there are difficulties in getting the employees' equivalence certificates or transcripts about their education and proving their experience and certificates gained abroad. This causes delays in gathering and verifying the information and documents of job applicants. Although some mistakes are difficult to remedy, it is of great importance to be against fraud and to improve the hiring process. This is possible thanks to Blockchain Technologies and strategic process flow approach. Since Blockchain's main asset is solving the problem of trust between individuals, the Blockchain-based model is recommended with a new recruitment approach. BHR Platform represents a Platform which can be used for keeping records and transaction of documents insecure way. This platform recommends to create a decentralized Peer to Peer(P2P) network which stores reliable, trusted, transparent information. This will assure an effective recruitment process while decreasing operational costs.
10 Using Blockchain and Cryptocurrency A Model of Resources Based Economy , Uygun Onur
Although this work seems utopic, it is an alternative or can work together with the existing economic model. The goal is the idea of a coin that will gain value with respect to real economic resources, with high security, which can be mining according to the requirements, using blockchain or derivative technology shaped according to needs. In other words, it is to develop the financial instrument of the resource-based economy.