1 Design and Implementation of Proportional Integral Observer based Linear Model Predictive Controller, Vihangkumar V. Naik, D. N. Sonawane, Deepak D. Ingole, Divyesh L. Ginoya and Vedika V. Patki
This paper presents an interior-point method (IPM) based quadratic programming (QP) solver for the solution of optimal control problem in linear model predictive control (MPC). LU factorization is used to solve the system of linear equations efficiently at each iteration of IPM, which renders faster execution of QP solver. The controller requires internal states of the system. To address this issue, a Proportional Integral Observer (PIO) is designed, which estimates the state vector, as well as the uncertainties in an integrated manner. MPC uses the states estimated by PIO, and the effect of uncertainty is compensated by augmenting MPC with PIOestimated uncertainties and external disturbances. The approach is demonstrated practically by applying MPC to QET DC servomotor for position control application. The proposed method is compared with classical control strategy-PID control.
2 Design and Implementation of Discrete Augmented Ziegler-Nichols PID Controller, Vedika V. Patki, D.N.Sonwane, Deepak D. Ingole and Vihangkumar V. Naik
Although designing and tuning a proportionalintegral- derivative (PID) controller appears to be conceptually intuitive, but it can be hard in practice, if multiple (and often conflicting) objectives such as short transient and high stability are to be achieved. Traditionally Ziegler Nichols is widely accepted PID tuning method but it’s performance is not accepted for systems where precise control is required. To overcome this problem, the online gain updating method Augmented Ziegler-Nichols PID (AZNPID) was proposed, with the amelioration of Ziegler-Nichols PID’s (ZNPID’s) tuning rule. This study is further extension of [1] for making the scheme more generalized. With the help of fourth order Runge-Kutta method, differential equations involved in PID are solved which significantly improves transient performance of AZNPID compared to ZNPID. The proposed augmented ZNPID (AZNPID) is tested on various types of linear processes and shows improved performance over ZNPID. The results of the proposed scheme is validated by simulation and also verified experimentally by implementing on Quanser’s real time servo-based position control system SRV-02.
3 Linear Model Predictive Controller for Closed-Loop Control of Intravenous Anesthesia with Time Delay, Deepak D. Ingole, Dayaram N. Sonawane, Vihangkumar V. Naik, Divyesh L. Ginoya, Vedika V. Patki
During intravenous anesthesia, anesthetic drugs must be administered at a suitable rate to prevent over dosing and under dosing in a patient. A developed Pharmacokinetic- Pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model, which has been used to study the relationship between administered anesthetic dose and its effect on the patient in terms of hypnosis, is considered. In this paper, Linear Model Predictive Controller (LMPC) framework based on Active Set Method (ASM) with modified approach for closed loop control of intravenous anesthesia is presented for Single-Input (Propofol infusion rate) Single- Output (Bispectral Index (BIS)) model of a patient. Effectiveness of the designed LMPC has been studied for BIS reference tracking as well as constraints, disturbances and noise handling in the measured variables. Performance of proposed approach is compared with conventional Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller, considering closed loop time delays. Simulation result shows that, proposed LMPC outperforms conventional PID controller.
4 VFT Application for Asynchronous Power Transfer, Farhad Ilahi Bakhsh
The variable frequency transformer (VFT) developed recently is a flexible asynchronous ac link which is used to transfer power in-between asynchronous power system networks. The first VFT was installed at the Langlois substation, which interconnects the New York (USA) and the Hydro-Québec (Canada) systems. Basically, it is a rotary transformer whose torque is externally adjusted in order to control the power transfer. In the paper, a simulated model of VFT is present, which is used as a controllable bidirectional power transmission device that can control power transfer through the asynchronous power system networks. A digital simulation model of VFT and its control system are developed with MATLAB Simulink and a series of studies on power transfer through asynchronous power system networks are carried out with this model. Moreover, the response characteristics of power transfer under various torque conditions are discussed. Further voltage, current, torque and power transfer plots are also obtained. Thus, the VFT concept and its advantages are verified by simulation results.
5 Analysis and Design of CMOS Source Followers and Super Source Follower, Mr. D. K. Shedge, Mr. D. A. Itole, Mr. M. P. Gajare, and Dr. P. W. Wani
The source follower circuit is used as a voltage buffer and level shifter. It is more flexible level shifter as the dc value of voltage level can be adjusted by changing aspect ratio of MOSFETs. It is desired to have low output resistance for such applications. Source follower can give minimum output resistance 1/(gm+gmb) with load resistance and channel resistance tending to infinity. The super source follower is a circuit formed using negative feedback through another MOSFET. This offers even reduced output resistance but with reduced voltage gain as that of source follower.
6 Closed Loop Controlled Solar Cell Powered Embedded EZ-Source Inverter fed Induction Motor Drives, Nisha K.C.R, T.N.Basavaraj
This paper proposes the use of Embedded EZ-source inverter system (EZSI) as a single stage power conversion concept for adjustable speed drives (ASD) in photovoltaic applications. Open loop and closed loop control strategy of EZSI system are proposed. EZSI produces the same voltage gain as Z-source inverter (ZSI) but due to the DC sources embedded within the X- shaped impedance network, it has the added advantage of inherent source filtering capability and also reduced capacitor sizing. This is attained without any extra passive filters. By controlling the shoot-through duty ratio and modulation index, EZSI system can produce any desired AC output voltage even greater than DC rail voltage and it also provides ride-through capability under voltage sag. These advantages are more significant for adjustable speed drive (ASD) applications in order to regulate the speed. The operational analysis, control strategy and simulation results exemplify that an EZSI is the most promising technique for renewable energy applications in order to reduce the overall system complexity and thereby improving the inverter efficiency.
7 Optimal and Power Aware BIST for Delay Testing of System-On-Chip, Deepa Jose, Dr. Nirmal Kumar P, Jayakumar P
Test engineering for fault tolerant VLSI systems is encumbered with optimization requisites for hardware overhead, test power and test time. The high level quality of these complex high-speed VLSI circuits can be assured only through delay testing, which involves checking for accurate temporal behavior. In the present paper, a data-path based built-in test pattern generator (TPG) that generates iterative pseudo-exhaustive two-patterns (IPET) for parallel delay testing of modules with different input cone capacities is implemented. Further, in the present study a CMOS implementation of low power architecture (LPA) for scan based built-in self test (BIST) for delay testing and combinational testing is carried out. This reduces test power dissipation in the circuit under test (CUT). Experimental results and comparisons with pre-existing methods prove the reduction in hardware overhead and test-time.
8 Adaptive Channel Equalization for Nonlinear Channels using Signed Regressor FLANN, Santanu Kumar Sahoo, Sidhartha Dash, Mihir Narayan Mohanty
Wireless communication systems are affected by inter-symbol interference (ISI), co-channel interference in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise. ISI is primarily due to the distortion caused by frequency and time selectivity of the fading channel and it causes performance degradation. Equalization techniques are used to mitigate the effect of ISI and noise for better demodulation. This paper presents a novel technique for channel equalization. Here a Signed Regressor adaptive algorithm based on FLANN (Functional Link Artificial Neural Network) has been developed for nonlinear channel equalization along with the analysis of MSE and BER. The results are compared with the conventional adaptive LMS algorithm based FLANN model. The Signed Regressor FLANN shows better performance as compared to LMS based FLANN. The equalizer presented shows considerable performance compared to the other adaptive structure for both the linear and non-linear models in terms of convergence rate, MSE and BER over a wide range.
9 Speed and Torque Control of Mechanically Coupled Permanent Magnet Direct Current Motor, Shatori Meadows, Arbin Ebrahim
A new controller is designed for speed and torque control of a Permanent Magnet DC motor based on measurements of speed and current. This research work focuses on investigating the effects of control of the speed and torque of two brushless dc motors that are mechanically coupled. Two controller design methods: the Root Locus method and Bode Plot method as well as two controllers: Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) and Proportional- Integral (PI) are used to obtain the control objectives of speed control and torque control. The simulation is performed using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. The effects of varying the controller gains on the system performance is studied and quantified. The simulation results show that the speed control objectives of the motor are satisfied even in the case of torque disturbance from the other motor.