1 Biochemical characterization of Mustard Oil (Brassica campestris L.) with special reference to its fatty acid composition, Altaf Khan*, Parveen Sankhyan** and Suresh Kumar***
Edible vegetable oils are the chief source of nutritionally required fatty acids in human diet. Mustard oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, sesame oil, coconut oil and groundnut oil are among the edible vegetable oils mostly consumed in India. However, none of these oils alone provide many of the lipid soluble nutrients as per the recommendation of health agencies. Mustard oil is considered to be an oil that has low saturated fat as compared to other cooking oils. It is basically consist of oleic acid, erucic acid and linoleic acid. It is also loaded with essential vitamins. Mammalian cells have evolved to de-saturate and elongate ?-linolenic acid (ALNA), an omega-3 fatty acid, into eicosapentanoic acid (?-3) and the longer docosahexanoic acid (?-3) when the ?-6/?-3 ratio is low. Excess ?-6 fatty acids in diet saturate the enzymes and prevent the conversion of ALNA into longer forms. The optimal ?– 6/?-3 ratios that have been estimated to be 2:1 to 3:1 are about four times lower than the current intake. Health agencies, therefore, recommend that human diet should contain more ?-3 fatty acids. Further, studies on the fatty acid composition of oils claiming health benefits have shown that these oils contain lower amount of saturated fatty acids as compared to the unsaturated fatty acids. In the present study, the samples were analyzed for fatty acids, free fatty acids, and peroxide value, iodine number, saponification number were determined according to the standard procedures.
2 Probing the nucleons cross section and nuclear equation of state with elliptical flow at intermediate energies, Sanjeev Kumar*and Rajiv Chugh**
In this study, the detailed analysis of excitation function of elliptical flow by taking into account the nature of equation of state, nucleon-nucleon (NN) cross sections as well as momentum dependent interactions is performed within Quantum Molecular Dynamics (QMD) model. All the physical parameters are found to sensitive towards the elliptical flow. The interesting observation from the study is that the transition energy is found to be decrease with increase in the size of the fragment in the presence of static equations of state and different NN cross sections, while trend gets opposite when momentum dependent interactions are included. Finally, experimental data of INDRA collaboration around the transition energy of 79Au197 +79 Au197 is verified with static hard equation of state in the presence of large cross section.
3 Acoustical behavior of Cerium and Thorium Palmitate in non-aqueous binary mixture, S. K. Upadhyaya* AnuShri Gupta** and Kamal Kishore***
Ultrasonic studies of cerium and thorium palmitate in benzene methanol mixture were used to determine the CMC , soap solvent interaction and various acoustic parameters, inter-molecular free-length, adiabatic compressibility, apparent molar compressibility, specific acoustic impedance, molar sound velocity, solvation number, available volume and relative association at different temperatures. The results showed that these soaps behave as weak electrolytes in dilute solutions and the values of the CMC increase with the increasing temperature.
4 Biodiversity of Endophytic Mycorrhizal fungi associated with some medicinal plants of Himachal Pradesh, Aditya Kumar*, Chhavi Mangla** and Ashok Aggarwal***
ABSTRACT: Mycorrhiza is the most important member of functional soil microbial community in natural ecosystem and creates an intimate link between plant roots and soil. In the present investigation, attempts were made to screen out endomycorrhizal biodiversity from different medicinal plants. A total of twelve plants from six different families were screened for arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) spore number and root colonization. The mycorrhizal root colonization ranged from 0.0 to 67.50±10.60 percent. Adhatoda vesica showed maximum root colonization and Achyranthus aspera lack mycorrhizal root colonization. The spore number ranged from 25.66±3.00 to 388.33±8.50. The highest mycorrhizal spore count was found in Aster thomsonii and lowest in Aloe vera. It was found that number of spores in the rhizosphere of plant was not related to the intensity of AM root colonization. The study confirmed that the biodiversity of AM fungi differ in different plants. Keywords: medicinal plants; arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; vesicles.
5 Application of Homotopy Perturbation Method to study wave propagation in Transversely Isotropic Thermoelastic Three Dimensional Plate, S. K. Rana* and P. K. Sharma**
ABSTRACT: Wave motion in an infinite transversely isotropic, thermoelastic plate in the context of conventional coupled thermoelasticity (CT), Lord-Shulman (LS) and Green-Lindsay (GL) theories of generalized thermoelasticity has been studied by using Homotopy perturbation method (HPM). The expressions for displacement components and temperature are derived. Finally, the numerical solution is carried out for transversely isotropic plate. The dispersion curves of displacements with thickness and time are presented graphically for coupled and generalized theories of thermoelasticity. Keywords: Thermal Relaxation; Transversely Isotropic; HPM.
6 Chemical and Physical analysis of Morus Nigra (Black Mulberry) for its pulpability, Yogesh Kumar Walia
ABSTRACT: Chemical constitution of the fibrous material is not the only deciding factor for determining the nature of the pulp that may be made out of it. Much will depend upon the morphological properties, anatomical structure of the raw material and physical properties, in determining the yield and quality of the pulp. The study of wood of Morus Nigra was analyzed for the determination of its constituents and its suitability for pulp and paper manufacture. Physical and chemical analysis of the Morus Nigra species needs special attention while exploring its pulpability and Morus Nigra is analyzed by using TAPPI procedures. Keywords: Pulpability; Fibre Length; Luman Width; Acetyl Content.
7 Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial activity of bis(?-aminobutyrohydroxamate)oxovanadium(IV), Reena Sharma
ABSTRACT: The complex [VO(?-C3H8NCONHO)2] (I) has been synthesized by the reaction of VOSO4.5H2O with bimolar amounts of potassium-?-aminobutyrohydroxamate (K?-ABH) in methanol and characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductance and IR and ESR spectral. The molecular modeling dynamics of the complex suggest a square pyramidal geometry around vanadium. The antimicrobial activities of the newly synthesized complex and respective potassium hydroxamate ligand have been screened in vitro against six bacterial strains viz. Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae Salmonella typhi. and S. paratyphi and three fungal strains viz. A. niger, B. fulva and M. circinelloides has been assayed by MIC method. The complex has improved antimicrobial activity compared to free ligand. Keywords: Potassium-?-aminobutyrohydroxamate; bis(?-aminobutyrohydroxamate) oxovanadium(IV); spectroscopic studies; antimicrobial activity.
8 Viscosity measurements of Terbium Octanoate in mixed organic solvent, Kamal Kishore*, S.K. Upadhyaya**, Anushri Gupta*** and Nandita Thakur****
ABSTRACT: Viscosity measurements of terbium octanoate in mixed organic solvent shows that there is marked change in the aggregation of the anionic species at critical micellar concentration (CMC). The effects of temperature on CMC have been reported. The viscosity results have been satisfactorily explained by various equations with their parameters. The result shows that there is a significant interaction between solute and solvent molecules. Keywords: micellar; CMC; terbium octanoate.
9 Corrosion inhibition of Zn in HCL by Nictanthes plant extract, J.S. Chauhan*, Anita Dixit** and D. K. Gupta***
ABSTRACT: The natural plant product used as a medicine namely marigold were tested as corrosion inhibitor of Zn in 0.5M of HCl. The Cyclic-Voltameter, potentiometry technique data suggested that the inhibition efficiency increases with the concentration of extract. The inhibition efficiency of inhibitor interpreted as adsorption on metal surface. Keywords: Cyclic-Voltammeter; alloy; Potentiometry.
10 Role of HDACs and DNMTs in cancer therapy: A review, Yogesh Kumar Walia* and Vishal Sharma**
ABSTRACT: Although cancer has been considered as untreatable till now, but development of several biological agents have improved the survival and quality of life in some patients. A class of agents targeting epigenetic modifier enzymes have emerged with huge potential in cancer therapy. Novel compounds endowed with a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitory activity and DNMT inhibitory activity are attractive therapeutic approach in recent time. Clinically, it is much simple to inhibit an enzyme than to induce one and this has directed the recent research to a new class of enzymes i.e. DNMT and HDAC. As a result of the earlier work it has become clear that HDACs are unique player in chromatin architecture, thus affect protein expression by altering the accessibility of Dna to the transcriptional machinery, which in turn affect transcriptional control and also activation of many tumour suppressor genes. Instead of it DNMTs are associated with hypermethylation of promoter and decrease its accessibility for transcriptional machinery. The extensive outcome of research in terms of structure, class, size etc. offers opportunities for the development of HDACi and DNMTi with improved specificity. In recent years, an increasing number of structurally diverse inhibitors have been identified that inhibit proliferation and induce differentiation and/or apoptosis of tumor cells both in-vitro and in-vivo. The question, that how epigenetic modifications associated with DNA or histones increases or decreases the accessibility of DNA to various factors that are involved in the reading of the DNA create interest in the researchers and lead to extensive research in this field. Keywords: HDAC; HDACi; DNMT; DNMTi; DNA.
11 Performance Evaluation of Irrigation Projects - A Case Study of Lift Irrigation Scheme Sirsa Manjholi in Solan area of Shivalik Himalayas, H.P. Singh*, M.R. Sharma**, Quamrul Hassan***and Naved Ahsan****
ABSTRACT: A Case study was made to assess the performance of irrigation water management of Lift Irrigation Scheme Sirsa Manjholi in Solan area of Shivalik Himalayas. The study was carried out from June 2010 to June 2011. The study has pointed out that the physical performance of lift irrigation scheme is poor. The construction of this scheme has not resulted in any change in cropping pattern of the command area. There are no permanent diversion head works to divert the river water. The water level of the river is going down day by day due to rampant mining of the river bed material. The Krishak Vikas Sangh is non-functional and there is little involvement of farmers in water management of the scheme. The water charges are a very low and that too are not being collected. Keywords: Irrigation water management; Shivalik area; Sirsa Manjholi; Krishak Vikas Sangh.
12 Kinetics study of Unsaturated Polyester synthesized from waste PET, Sunain Katoch
ABSTRACT: Waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is glycolyzed along with virgin PET. A higher proportion of virgin PET in the mixture has the ability to consume more glycols during glycolysis. This gives rise to a glycolyzed PET (GPET1), which contains a lesser amount of free glycol and shows the highest hydroxyl value. During polyesterification of the polyester diol (glycolyzed PET) with maleic acid, the degree of polymerization (DPn), extent of reaction and acid value is observed to be increasing with an increase in the virgin PET content in the mixture. This is believed to be due to the increasing presence of BHET (bis-hydroxy ethylene terephthalate) in the glycolyzed PET. Keywords: Glycolyzed PET; BHET; polyesterification; hydroxyl value.
13 A study on Job Satisfaction of Managers working in Pharmaceutical Industry in Himachal Pradesh, Ashok Kumar Bansal* and Lekh Raj Verma**
ABSTRACT: This study was oriented to identify the relationship between job satisfaction and its various variables (which are pay, promotion, the work itself, supervision, & co-workers etc.) among managers working in Pharmaceutical Industry in Himachal Pradesh. The study was conducted among 281 respondents. This study has two objectives that to determine the relationship between socio-economic variables and job satisfaction and to study the impact of organizational variables on job satisfaction. The study revealed that there was no significant relationship between socio-economic variables and job satisfaction of individuals. Whereas it was also revealed that there was a positive relationship between job satisfaction and its organizational variables which were promotion, work itself, supervision and co-workers, pay etc. It proved that job satisfaction (pay, promotion, work itself, supervision and co-workers) can contribute to increase the job satisfaction of individuals in the organization. Keywords: Job satisfaction; socio-economic variables; organizational variables; Pharmaceutical Industry.
14 Recent trends in Fiscal Performance of Himachal Pradesh, Jyoti Thakur
ABSTRACT: The fiscal reform at the state level is important from the viewpoint of both macroeconomic stability and microeconomic allocative efficiency. The Constitution assigns a pre-eminent role to states in agricultural development, poverty alleviation, human development and co-equal position in the provision of physical infrastructure. The predominant role in allocation and cooperative role in distribution makes states fiscal operations critical for macroeconomic stabilization as well. Although the Constitution places limitations on the states’ borrowing powers, in actual practice they are able to run large deficits and that makes fiscal reforms at the state level critical for achieving overall fiscal consolidation in the country. A state specific assessment of fiscal position assumes importance in view of the wide disparities that exist among the Indian states. So, the need of the hour is to frame an effective and time-bound policy measures to enhance revenues particularly non-taxes and shift in expenditure pattern towards economic growth of the state. This paper is an attempt to examine current programme options from the point of view of macro-economic stability and growth, study the public finance at state level and presents an analytical review and assessment of fiscal situation of Himachal Pradesh also examine the review of policy measures to strengthen the state finances and to bring down the fiscal deficit ratio to make a balance in the GDP, expected to lower inflation and interest rates in the economy and strengthen the sustainability of fiscal balance in the long run. Keywords: Fiscal reforms; State public finances; Fiscal situation; State fiscal policy; GDP.
15 Conductometric Studies with Polystyrene Calcium Phosphate Membrane, Tanvir Arfin* and Simin Fatima**
ABSTRACT: The current study was focused and stressed on the measurement and estimation of conductivity. The conductivity of the membrane was examined at different temperature ranges (25-50 ± 0.1°C) and electrolyte concentration ranges (0.01?? c (M) ? 0.5) using multi-meter respectively. The selectivity of membrane behaviour was inferred on the basis of conductometric studies which had a particular characteristic. Absolute reaction rate theory was applied and conducted to investigate the mechanism of transport of simple metal ions through the specific membrane. The parameters of thermodynamic parameters such as activation energy, enthalpy, entropy, and free energy were calculated using the appropriate method. The membrane resistivity for 1-1 electrolyte solutions was found to decrease in the order such that Li+ > Na+ > K+, which is in accordance with an increase in the size of cation. The activation energy increases with an increase in concentration of the electrolyte as it us directly proportional to each other. The membrane was weakly charged and the ionic species retain their hydration shell, at least partially while diffusing through the membrane pores in a gentle manner. All the values of ?G, ?H, and ?S were found to be positive in nature and there is an increases with an increasing temperature in the order likely to be as such K+ > Na+ > Li+. Keywords: Ionic conductivity; alkali halides; composite polystyrene calcium phosphate membrane; Gibbs free energy; membrane conductivity; activation energy
16 Contribution of Non Verbal Language in Communication: A Study of Non-Verbal Communication, Saurabh Kaushal
ABSTRACT: Communication is a dynamic process with the interchanging components of sending and receiving information, ideas, emotions and the working of mind. Ever since the emergence of human race, we have always been engaged in various forms of communication, knowingly or unknowingly. There are two different kinds of communication, verbal and non-verbal. Non-verbal communication was very much used at the time when humans had not started conversing with each other. In the era of caveman just using nonverbal communication could help you to understand the other person, but in the complex society of today both verbal and non-verbal forms of communication are needed to fully understand each other. We are taught from a very young age the use and implication of both nonverbal and verbal communication. It is a well illustrated fact that nonverbal cues provide clarity or contradiction for a message we intend to send but nonverbal communication is not as easy to understand as it seems to be. Often it is misinterpreted and because of that wrong message is understood by the receiver. Another widely accepted fact states that by focusing upon the body language of a person we can predict how he/she feels about any situation. Body language is characterized in several different ways, such ways are Haptic, Kinesics, Polemics, and physical characteristics. This paper will focus mostly on the basic details of how to read and understand non verbal communication and what we can learn from it. Keywords: Emotional Clusters, Types of body language, Haptics, Paralinguistic Features and Proxemics / Space Distance etc.
17 Seed physiological studies on Pleurospermum candollii, an high altitude medicinal herb from cold desert area of Pattan valley, Lahaul and Spiti in Western Himalayas, Vivek Kumar
ABSTRACT: Himachal Pradesh lies in the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR), is one of the richest reservoirs of biological diversity in the world, having a rich wealth of medicinal and aromatic plant wealth. The Pleurospermum candollii, is very important and rare medicinal herb found at very high altitude of 4500m amsl. The various species of Pleurospermum possess medicinal and antioxidant properties. Moreover, some species of Pleurospermum are also used in perfumery. Pleurospermum candollii is used in the treatment of dysentery, dyspepsia, renal pain, stomachache and flatulence. The seeds of Pleurospermum candollii were deep dormant and have very poor germination (7%), besides having high viability status of 98%. In the present paper seed storage studies on dormancy status and germination status is discussed. The effect of various germination inhibitor tests on germination of various phytometer species is also studied. The implications of the present research will be very productive and helpful in the seed based conservation of the various medicinal plant species in which the germination is poor and have dormancy. Keywords: medicinal plants, seed storage, viability, germination and dormancy
18 Isolation, Extraction and Purification of Hemicelluloses of Ceiba pentandra and Morus nigra, Yogesh Kumar Walia* and Dinesh Kumar Gupta**
ABSTRACT: The hemicelluloses are the principle non-cellulosic polysaccharides present in wood. Hemicellulose and cellulose collectively make the holocellulose of the wood. Hemicelluloses are distinguished from cellulose by the property that they are soluble in dilute aqueous alkali and in boiling water. After separation from the other wood components these are hydrolysed by warm and dilute acids into simple pentose or hexose sugars. Xylan, araban, mannan and galactan, as the name imply; on hydrolysis each one gives xylose, arabinose, mannose and galactose respectively. A hemicellulose giving both galactose and arabinose is a galacto-araban. The hemicelluloses are completely soluble in dilute caustic alkalis. A cold or hot 5% solution of sodium hydroxide is usually employed for their extraction. Isolated hemicelluloses are also soluble in hot, saturated solution of sodium carbonate and pentosans are removed from wood pulp by heating it with magnesium sulphite in the presence of calcium or magnesium oxide. Keywords: Hemicellulose, holocellulose, hexose, pentose and wood pulp.
19 Growth of Banking Sector in India: A Collective Study of History and its Operations, Manish Khanna* and Saurabh Kaushal**
ABSTRACT: No country can have a healthy economy without a sound and effective banking system. The Banks always remain the main participants of the financial system in any country. The Banking sector offers several facilities and opportunities to their customers and, therefore, it should be able to meet the new challenges posed by technology and other internal and external factors. With the establishment of the first Bank in India by British, the Banking sector has made rapid progress in various phrases. Before the establishment of banks, the financial activities were handled by money lenders and individuals and due to that people had to suffer a lot because of ignorance and many other reasons. So as to overcome such problems the organized banking sector was established which was fully regulated by the government. In India, Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the main governing authority and has been bestowed with extensive powers to work as Central banking authority. The Reserve Bank of India was established on April 1, 1935 in accordance with the provisions of the Reserve Bank of India Act 1935. As it is evident that most of Indian population resides in rural areas therefore banking sector had to make a number of reforms in its working in order to survive for its existence. As from the origin of banking sector in India, continuously growth is quite evident. Nowadays Indian banking system is working very efficiently in the country. In this paper, an attempt has been made to know the history and growth of banking sector by dwelling upon its growth in various phases. This paper is a small contribution to the existing vast knowledge of banking industry and will be useful for bankers, Industrialist, policy maker and researchers. Keywords: Nationalization Movement, Liberalization, Banking Structure in India, Government policy, Growth of Banking, Regulations, RBI & functions, IBA & functions, HRM & retention of employees and customers, social, ethical and environmental aspects.
20 Disaster Management: An Overview, Rajneesh Kumar Sharma * and Manish Khanna **
ABSTRACT: India has been traditionally vulnerable to natural disasters on account of its unique geo-climatic conditions. Floods, droughts, cyclones, earthquakes and landslides have been recurrent phenomena. Developed countries which have modern early warning systems and effective mitigation programmes are able to reduce the impact of natural hazards whereas countries with less preparedness and inadequate mitigation efforts suffer more from natural hazards. In the case of India, the human and economic losses from disasters are high in comparison to many other developing nations. According to an estimate by the World Bank direct losses from natural disaster are up to 2 percent of the India’s GDP. More importantly, the impact of most of the disasters is disproportionately high on the poor. Keywords: Objective of study, Types of disaster and Tools of Past disaster management.
21 Physico-chemical investigation on some carbodithioate complexes of Oxovanadium (IV), Rojila Puri
ABSTRACT: Some carbodithioate complexes of oxovanadium(IV) with general formulae: [VO(4-RPipzcdtH)2B]SO4 and [VO(4-EtPipzcdt)2B] (B = nil or Py, (R = M, Et and Pipzcdt = piperazine carbodithioate) have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, infrared, solution electronic absorption and proton NMR spectral, and room temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements. The oxovanadium (IV) complexes exhibit 1:1 electrolytic nature except [VO(4-EtPipzcdt)2B] (B = Nil or Py) which exhibit non electrolytic nature. A square pyramidal geometry and presence of antiferromagnetic interactions for Zwitterionic and normal carbodithioate complexes of oxovanadium(IV), viz. [VO(4-RPipzcdtH)2]SO4, [VO(4-EtPipzcdt)2]; and octahedral geometry for their pyridine adducts have been proposed. Keywords: Oxovanadium (IV); dithiocarbamate; conductance; magnetic susceptibility.
22 Synthesis and Optical characterization of Gadolinium Praseodymium Oxalate, Gadolinium Dysprosium Oxalate, and Dysprosium Praseodymium Oxalate crystals, V. Thomas*, A. Elizabeth**, C. Joseph***, P. R. Biju**** and G. Jose***** and N. V. Unnikrishnan******
ABSTRACT: Preparation and optical characterization of dysprosium gadolinium oxalate (DGO), dysprosium praseodymium oxalate (DPO) and gadolinium praseodymium oxalate (GPO) single crystals are reported. The crystals were grown using silica gel technique, by the controlled reaction of rare earth nitrates with oxalic acid. Crystals were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction and optical absorption studies. Radiative transition probability, fluorescence branching ratio and radiative lifetime of Dy3+ and Pr3+in the crystals are evaluated by the parameterization of the absorption spectrum using Judd-Ofelt theory. Keywords: oxalate crystals, rare earths, X-ray diffraction, and Judd-Ofelt theory.
23 Studies of Various Adsorbents for the Removal of Copper (II) from Drinking Water: A Review, Naseem Zahra
ABSTRACT: Copper is a heavy metal that can harm the human’s body through water if present in excessive amount. The presence of metal in drinking water is of special concern because of its persistence and toxicity. The elimination of copper from water is important to protect public health. Different low cost adsorbents are used to remove copper from water. The strict environmental regulation and enforcement of discharge limits require effective decontamination and purification methods for copper removal. The adsorbents proved to be beneficial because of cost effectiveness. In present review paper, copper contamination, its toxicity and its removal from drinking water using different adsorbents is depicted. Keywords: Adsorption, Adsorbents, Copper Water, Toxic.
24 Diversity, Distribution and Indigenous uses of medicinal plants in Parbati Valley of Kullu district in Himachal Pradesh, Northwestern Himalaya, Pankaj Sharma* and S.S. Samant**
ABSTRACT: In the remote areas of the Indian Himalayan Region, the inhabitants largely depend on medicinal plants for curing diseases and income generation. But, proper documentation of the medicinal plants has been poorly attempted. The value of medicinal plants in traditional healthcare practices provides clues to latest areas of research in biodiversity conservation. Keeping this in view, the present study has been conducted to study the diversity, distribution and indigenous uses of medicinal plants of Parbati valley in Kullu district of the Himachal Pradesh. A total of 402 species of medicinal plants belonging to 98 families and 266 genera were recorded and used by the inhabitants of the area for curing various ailments. These medicinal plants comprise of 34 trees, 301 herbs, 61 shrubs, and climbers and ferns, 03 species, each. Maximum medicinal plants were reported in the altitudinal zone, 1100-1800m and decreased with increasing altitudes in the study area. Of the total medicinal plants, 207 were natives, 04 endemic and 44 near endemic. The continued over-exploitation, habitat degradation and changing environmental conditions may lead to the extinction of these species within a few years. Therefore, regular monitoring of population and habitats using standard ecological methods, development of conventional and in-vitro propagation protocols, establishment of species in in-situ and ex-situ conditions have been suggested. Keywords: Parbati Valley, diversity, indigenous uses, native, endemic and utilization patterns.
25 Rhizospheric effect of Endophytic Mycorrhiza and Trichoderma Viride on physiological parameters of Mentha Spicata linn., Aditya Kumar*, Chhavi Mangla**, Ashok Aggarwal*** and Vivek Srivastava****
ABSTRACT: A pot experiment was employed to examine the impact of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (Glomus mosseae and Acaulospora laevis) along with Trichoderma viride on Mentha spicata after 45 and 90 days of inoculation. Soil microbes’ effect on different physiological parameters was determined. The maximum stomatal conductance (morning and evening) was observed in the plants inoculated with G.mosseae plus T.viride after 45 and 90 days (102.3±0.45, 114.0±2.52; 134±2.00, 154.16±0.95). Likewise, higher phosphorus content in root and shoot was reported in inoculated plants over control. The total chlorophyll content was also found to increase in the plants treated with A.laevis (1.628±0.04) and G.mosseae (3.491±0.06) after 45 and 90 days respectively. The finding in the present work concludes that AM fungi along with T.viride influence the concentration of different physiological parameters. Keywords: M.spicata, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, G.mosseae, A.laevis, T.viride.
26 The Role of Home Environment and Mathematics Achievement for Students of Secondary Schools in Nagaon District, Dibyajyoti Mahanta
ABSTRACT: This paper attempts to study the effect of home environment upon the formation of attitude of the students towards mathematics. We conducted a survey to identify the various factors in the home environment that can affect student achievement and to investigate the nature of their impact. We have tabulated certain data obtained from our survey, and conducted suitable analysis upon the same using Levene’s test for equality of variances and t-test for equality of means. Our study reveals a positive correlation between the home environment and attitudes of the students towards mathematics. The paper concludes that a congenial home environment is an essential factor in moulding the appetite of the students towards mathematics which influences their overall academic achievement in the long run. Keywords: Levene’s test, Environment, t-test, mathematics, secondary school.
27 Temperature dependence of Elastic Constants and Bulk Modulus of metals, Raj Pal Singh
ABSTRACT: The temperature dependence of bulk modules was given by Q. Liu & Q. He13 using fundamental thermodynamic relations. The assumption in this theory was that volume thermal expansion coefficient is quadratic function of temperature. The new expressions and formulations were also derived by Tallon14. In the present study temperature of elastic constants is based on the combination of above mentioned formulations. A method to estimate the temperature dependence of bulk modules is developed with the approximation that coefficient of volume thermal expansion depends linearly on temperature. This approximation is valid only for small expansions in low temperature range. Keywords: Elastic Constant, Temperature Dependence and Bulk Modulus.
28 Analysis of soil lead (Pb) on Seed Germination, Seedling Growth and Antioxidant activity of Gram (Cicer arietenum) and Pea (Pisum sativum), Atul Thakkar
ABSTRACT: Soil is a valuable and non renewable resource which is essential for growth of plants Present study was carried out to determine the effect of different concentration of heavy metals on seed germination and seedling growth of above plant. The major effects of heavy metals on seeds are manifested by overall abnormalities and decreases in seed germination, reduced root and shoot elongation, dry weight, total soluble protein level. This study suggested that the effect of heavy metals on seeds of plants affecting the germination. Keywords: Lead, Seed germination, Seedling, Soil.
29 Pressure dependence of elastic constants for intermetallic compounds, Raj Pal Singh
ABSTRACT: Elastic properties of solids are closely related to many fundamental properties such as EOS, thermal expansion, interatomic potentials etc. The relatively strong covalent bonding between the constituents of intermetallic compounds like LiBC, MgB2 and TiB2 gives high Bulk Modulus in the range 150-220 GPa at high melting point nearly 3000K. This behaviour makes these compounds very interesting for studies under high pressure and high temperature. In the present study, pressure-volume relationship at different temperatures for three intermetallic compounds is given. For the low compressions the increase in pressure is low but the rate of increase of pressure increases faster as we approach the high compression region. At higher temperature, the bulk modulus decreases and, therefore, the pressure required for producing same amount of compression becomes less and less. Keywords: Intermetallic compounds, pressure, Bulk Modulus, Isotherm, parameter.
30 Systematic survey of some angiosperms of family Asteraceae from Kota District of Rajasthan, India, Subhash C. Verma, N. K. Sharma & J. L. Sharma
The present study deals with vegetation of habitats of Kota district of Rajasthan state. Plant exploration was conducted to determine plants of family Asteraceae from various habitats revealed occurrences of 10 plant species. Taxonomic position of these plant species is described in various available Floras of different regions of the Rajasthan state.
31 Effect of biofertillizers [Azatobacter and Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB)] and their combinations on germination and survival of Brassica campestris, Surender Pal, Reena kumri & Zia-Ul-Hasan
ABSTRACT: The investigation was carried out on Brassica campestris L., two varieties (YS-66 and K-88) cultivated with the treatment of two biofertillizers Azatobacter and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB). In varieties YS-66 and K-88, effect of Azatobacter 15g inoculation showed 97 ? 1.1 and 97 ? 1.2% germination with survival of 99 ? 1.2 and 98 ? 1.2% respectively. PSB 15g inoculation showed 98 ? 1.2 and 99 ? 1.1% germination with survival of 96 ? 1.1 and 97 ? 1.2% respectively. Azatobacter +PSB, 15g+15g inoculation showed 98 ? 1.2 and 99 ? 1.2 % germination with survival of 98 ? 1.1 and 98 ? 1.1% respectively . Control seeds of both varieties showed 96 ? 1.2 % germination and 94 ? 1.2 survivalrespectively. Keywords: Brassica campestris, Azatobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB), variety YS-66, variety K-88 and germination
32 Biotechnology in society - Boon or Bane: A Case Study, Aftab Jahan Begum K. A.
ABSTRACT: Biotechnology, with its knowledge-intensive nature and tremendous economic potential, has emerged as one of the rapidly-growing sectors of the Indian knowledge economy today. Focusing on the practical use of biological systems to produce goods and services, biotechnology has made significant achievements in the growth and its application in the areas of agriculture, healthcare, environment, etc through R & D projects and infrastructure creation. Biotechnology seemed to have improved the conditions of Living but the way information has been communicated and the way decisions are made; affect perception and public support or opposition to a new technology. Biotechnology is not a system of farming; It reflects no specific philosophy nor is it guided by a set of principles or performance criteria. It is a bag of tools than can be used for good or evil, and lots in between. Hence, the debate over the value of biotechnology in the society is polarized and impassioned. This paper clearly evaluates the rewards of this field into the society and its disfavours from the public. Keywords: Biotechnology, Society, genetic modification, Friend, Foe.
33 Experimental studies of Azo Schiff Base Chelates and their Corrosion Inhibition Behavior, M. M. El-ajaily*, F. I. Abdullah**, M. S. Suliman** & R. A. Akasha**
ABSTRACT: Four new Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Fe(III) chelates with synthesized azo Schiff base ligand (ASB) derived from Schiff base [salicylaldehyde and 2-aminothiophenol] with aniline were synthesized and characterized on the basis of various physicochemical methods including; CHNS elemental analyses, molar conductivity, magnetic moment measurements, infrared, electronic, mass and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. The used techniques showed the formation of 1:1[M:L] ratio and confirm the geometrical structures of the azo Schiff base and its chelates. A square planar geometry was established for Ni(II) and Cu(II) chelates and octahedral structure for Co(II) and Fe(III) chelates. The corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 0.5M HCl using azo Schiff base as inhibitor has been studied at 30 0C. High inhibition efficiency (> 90 %) of azo Schiff base for acidic corrosion of steel was determined at its low concentration (3×10-4 M) by weight loss measurements. Keywords: Experimental studies, azo Schiff base, Chelates, Corrosion Inhibition, Spectral techniques.
34 Different Aspects of Intercultural Nonverbal Communication: A Study, Saurabh Kaushal
ABSTRACT: Communication is a dynamic and wide process with its ever changing roles of sending and receiving information, ideas, emotions and the working of mind. Communication is not only a word but a term in itself with multiple interpretations. Out of a number of forms, there are two very important kinds of communication, verbal and non-verbal and the relation between them is inseparable. Non-verbal communication keeps the major portion of the periphery occupied and in absence of it communication can never happen. In the era of caveman, just using nonverbal communication could help to understand the other person, but in the complex society of today both verbal and non-verbal forms of communication are needed to fully understand each other. We start taking lessons in nonverbal communication from the very starting of our life from parents and the society in which we are surviving. There is a very common perception among people that for understanding any oral message we have to concentrate and subsequently be able to understand the nonverbal elements, but in reality nonverbal communication is not as easy to understand as it seems to be. Often it is misinterpreted and because of that wrong message is understood by the receiver. Another widely accepted fact states that by focusing upon the body language of a person we can predict how he/she feels about any situation. But all that varies from context to context, from culture to culture. Studies in the field of nonverbal communication have well illustrated the fact. Since nonverbal behavior arises from our cultural common sense, we use different systems of understanding gestures, postures, and silence, emotional expressions, touch, physical appearance, and other nonverbal cues including personality. This paper focuses mostly upon the basic understanding required to be taken into consideration while understanding non verbal elements along with verbal elements in different cultural settings. Keywords: Intercultural Communication, NVC in Politics, Factors affecting Cross-Cultural Communication, NVC in Gender.
35 Synthesis and Characterization of 2H-Pyrrole-2-Ones of (5-Benzoyl-benzoimidazol-1-yl)-acetic acid hydrazide derivatives, Deepak Kumar*, Arun Singh** and Yogesh Kumar Walia***
ABSTRACT: The present study deals with the heterocyclization of Schiff bases of (5-Benzoyl-benzimidazol-1- yl)-acetic acid hydrazide [BBAH] into (2H)-Pyrrole-2-ones derivatives. One of the hydrazide i.e. 2-hydroxy benzoic acid hydrazide (salicylhydrazide) and their condensed product play a vital role in medicinal chemistry. More particularly and recently these types of compounds have been found in the treatment of T.B. and other chemotherapeutic diseases. Hence, it was thought of interest of merging of both pyrrole and benzimidazole hydrazide moieties may enhance the drug activity of compound up to some extent or might possess some biological activity. From this point of view the objective of present works to prepare new derivatives of benzimidazole hydrazide containing a pyrrole moiety. Hence The present study deals with the heterocyclization of Schiff bases of (5-Benzoyl-benzimidazol-1-yl)-acetic acid hydrazide [BBAH] into (2H)- Pyrrole-2-ones derivatives. Keywords: (5-Benzoyl-benzimidazol-1-yl)-acetic acid hydrazide, Pyrrole, spectral studies.
36 Potentiometric determination of Stability Constant of Levofloxacin and Mn (II) Ion Complex, Namita Bhardwaj* & Dr. M. K. Singh**
ABSTRACT: Transition metal complexes are cationic, anionic or neutral species in which transition metal is coordinated by ligands. Metals can play an important role in modifying the pharmacological properties of known drugs after coordinating with it. Stability constants of complexes also have an important role in the design of drugs for alleviation of metal poisoning. In the present study levofloxacin is used as a ligand for complexation. It is a member of fluoroquinolones group of antibiotics which is very active against aerobic Gram negative microorganism. The object of the present work is a physicochemical investigation of the interaction of bivalent metal ion [Mn(II)] with levofloxacin antibiotics and is aimed at understanding the mechanism of inhibitory or lethal effect of antibiotics against fixed types of microorganisms. The stability constants data can also be used for determination of various thermodynamic parameters such free energy (?G0), enthalpy (?H0), and entropy ?S0. From these parameters important information about mechanism of interaction can be deduced. Key Words: Ligand, Stability constant, Complexation, Complex, Thermodynamic parameters.
37 Employees Performance Appraisal and its techniques: A Review, Manish Khanna* and Rajneesh Kumar Sharma**
ABSTRACT: Performance appraisal important, because it play a vital role in any organization human resource framework. There are clear benefit from managing individual & team performance to achieve organizational objectives. Performance appraisal is an important tool in the hands of personal management because this technique accomplishes the main objective of the department of the development of people by appraising the worth of the individual. The performance management process provides a vehicle through which employees and their supervisors collaborate to enhance work results and satisfaction. This process is most effective when both the employee and the supervisor take an active role and work together to accomplish the objectives of organization. Appraisal takes place annually between the manager and the employee. However there are number of trends that are changing the style and relationship of the appraisal. In this paper we present the review of some unstructured appraisal technique, traditional technique & modern techniques of performance appraisal. Keywords: Rating scale, checklist, critical incidence, BARS, MBO, Assessment centre, Psychological Appraisal, 360 degree feedback, 720 degree and HR Accounting.
38 Performance Evaluation of Bhabour Sahib Medium Irrigation Project, H. P. Singh* and M. R. Sharma**
ABSTRACT: India is amongst the largest irrigator countries in the world today. There is however, increasing concern about some of the irrigation potential created not brought into the functional use. System performance monitoring evaluation and diagnostic analysis are keys to appreciate the improvement or inefficiency in our irrigation projects. Therefore, exercise of performance evaluation of an irrigation system, whether a minor irrigation system or a medium/major irrigation project, requires proper understanding of the problems and potentials of that project. The potential utilization of Lift Irrigation Project Barbour Sahib is less than the average of District Una and even that of State of Himachal Pradesh. Keywords: Lift irrigation project, main stakeholders, cultivable command area and NPSHA.
39 Preparation of Bombay duck chutney from dried Bombay duck fish Harpodon neherus, B. P. Bhosale, N. D. Chogale, H. B. Dhamagaye, V. R. Bhatkar and R. D. Bondre
ABSTRACT: A method for preparation of chutney from dried Bombay duck fish has been developed. The recipe, ingredients for the product has been standardized through taste panel studies. Besides, a treatment of antioxidant has been tried to assess the effect on shelf life of the product. The proximate composition, bacteriological and organoleptic changes in treated and untreated chutney has been studied during storage at room temperature. The quality of treated and untreated have better keeping quality and from organoleptic point of view both the chutney retain acceptable quality upto 90 days at room temperature in airtight polythene bag. Keywords: Bombay duck, Chutney, Antioxidant, storage at room temperature, Proximate composition, Bacteriological, Organoleptic quality.
40 Social Implications of Nanotechnology: A Review, R. P. Singh
ABSTRACT: Nanotechnology has captured the imaginations of Scientists, Engineers and Economists not only because of the explosion of discoveries at nanoscale, but also because of the potential societal implications. Nanotechnology promises to be a dominant force in our society in coming decades in roads. Today, nanotechnology is still in its infancy and only rudimentary nanostructures can be created with some control. The science of atoms and simple molecules, a one end, and the science of matter from microstructures to larger scale, on the other, is generally established. The remaining size related challenge is at the nanoscale roughly between 1and 100 molecules diameters where the fundamental properties of materials are determined and can be engineered. A revolution has been occurring in science and technology, based on the recently developed ability to measure, manipulate and organize matter on this scale. Recently discovered organized structures of matter (such as Carbon Nanotubes, molecular motors, DNA-based assemblies, quantum dots and molecular switches) and new phenomenous are scientific breakthrough that merely hints at possible future developments. However formidable challenges remain in fundamental understanding of the systems on this scale before the potential of nanotechnology can be realized. Keywords: Nanotechnologists, diffusion, nanofabrication techniques and nanoscientists.