1 Trial Women: Empower Women EDITORIAL, Prof.S.K.JAIN Department of Anatomy TMMCRC,TMU Moradabad,UP 244001 INDIA.
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2 Pulmonary Function Assessment in Young Female Medical Students Suffering from Anemia, Sharad Jain1, J L Agarwal2 1Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Saraswathi Institute of Medical Sciences, Hapur, U.P., India, 2Professor, Department of Physiology, Saraswathi Institute of Medical Sciences, Hapur, U.P., India
Introduction: Anemia is common problem in people of high socioeconomic status of all age group. Th is is usually seen with reduced work capacity, early fatigability, mental irritation, dyspnea etc. Despite of good and easy availability of food, young girls of high socioeconomic status still remain anemic mainly due to lack of self care in terms of nutritional diet, somewhat hate for green leafy vegetables, charm of junk foods devoid of nutritional substances including iron, inadequate physical exercise. Present study was conducted to assess the pulmonary functions in young anemic female medical students belonging to high socioeconomic status. Methods: Based on Hemoglobin level subjects were divided in to 2 groups. Group 1 comprised of obese students (Hb>12 gm/dl) and group 2 comprised of anemic students (Hb
3 Supraorbital Foramen -Morphometric Study and Clinical Implications in Adult Indian Skulls., Nidhi Sharma1, Rohit Varshney2, Nafi s Ahmad Faruqi3, Farah Ghaus4 1Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College and Research Centre, Moradabad, U.P., India, 2Assistant Professor, Department of Anaesthesia, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College and Research Centre, Moradabad, U.P., India, 3Professor, Department of Anatomy, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical college, AMU, Aligarh, U.P., India, 4Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, AMU, Aligarh, U.P., India
Introduction: Supraorbital foramen is an important site for various surgical and anesthetic procedures. Accurate localization of the foramen holds the key to success, although racial variations exist in various population groups. Th e study included the morphometry of supraorbital foramen and its location with respect to nearby anatomical landmarks. Methods: A total of 100 dry skulls (60 male and 40 female) were collected and observed for the study. Various parameters in the sagittal and transverse planes were noted from supraorbital foramen on both sides, together with its vertical and horizontal dimensions. In addition, the location of supraorbital foramen with respect to midline and frontozygomatic suture were noted. Results: Th e study of 100 adult skulls revealed that the SON (71% on right and 70% on left) was found more frequently than the SOF (29% on right and 30% on left).Th e distance between centre of SOF/SON and midline was found to be statistically signifi cant on right and left sides. Conclusions: Th is study makes possible the identifi cation of exact position of supraorbital foramen and also discuss its racial variation. Keywords: Morphometry, Supraorbital foramen, Supraorbital nerve block
4 Pattern of Orthopaedic Injuries Among Patients Attending the Emergency Department in a Tertiary Care Hospital – An Analytical Study, Najmul Huda1, Pankaj Gupta2, Ajay Pant3, Asif Iqbal4, M Julfi qar5, Mohd Zahid Khan6, Nitin Kumar Agrawal7 1Associate Professor, 2Senior Resident, 3Professor and Head, 4Assistant Professor, 5Assistant Professor, 6Senior Resident, 7Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College and Research Centre, Moradabad, U.P., India
Introduction: Th is study was aimed at analyzing the pattern of Orthopaedic injuries among patients attending the Emergency department in a tertiary care hospital. Retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Orthopaedics, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre. Methods: Th e record analysis of injured patients seen at the emergency department over a 12 months period from June 2012 to may 2013 was done. Th e data was analyzed with special reference tothepattern of Orthopaedic injuries. Results: A total of 1110 records of injured patients that attended the emergency department were analyzed. Study showed that themajority of victims were in the age group of 11-44 years (n=909, 81.89 percent). 71.09 percent (n=789) were males and 28.9 percent (n=321) were females. Road traffi c accident was the most common cause of injuries being responsible for 59.72 percent, (n=663) followed by fall from height (22.5 percent, n=247). Study revealed that the most common presentation of injuries was fracture (68.64 percent, n=762) and the most common site was lower limbs in 48.16 percent cases, (n=367). Next most common site was upper limbs (28.08 percent, n=214) followed by pelvic fracture (10.01 percent, n=77), spine fractures (8.26 percent, n=63), facial fracture (2.88 percent, n=22) & Ribs fracture (2.49 percent, n=19). Th ere were 71.65 percent cases (n=546) of simple fracture and 28.34 percent cases (n=216) ofthecompound fracture. Th ere were 3.87 percent cases (n=43), of various dislocations, shoulder dislocation being the most common. Crush injury was seen in 7.5 percent cases. Most commonly associated visceral injury wasthehead injury in 17.20 percent cases (n=191). Conclusion: Fractures were the most common pattern of Orthopaedic injuries, frequently associated with head injuries. Research in to appropriate strategies for prevention of injuries, especially RTA is required in tertiary care hospitals. Keywords: Fracture, Orthopaedic injuries, Road traffi c accidents
5 Study of Socio-Demographic Factors among Injured Persons in a District of Western Uttar Pradesh – A Cross Sectional Study, M Sharma1, A Srivastava 2, SC Gupta 3 1Associate Professor, 2Professor & Head, Department of Community Medicine, TMMC & RC Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, 3Professor & Head, Department of Community Medicine, Saraswati Institute of Medical Sciences, Hapur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Background: Injuries are becoming major public health problem worldwide and since India is also passing through a major socio-demographic, epidemiological and technological transition; injuries are coming up as an emerging health problem. Objectives: To fi nd out prevalence of “Injuries” and role of socio demographic factors related with injuries. Material & Methods: It is a type of observational study in rural & urban area of Agra district. Th e area to be surveyed was selected by multistage stratifi ed random sampling technique. A recall period of three months for minor injuries & one year for major injuries or deaths due to injury was used. A total of 4 villages covering 2439 population and in urban area 2 mohalla & 2 slums covering 2410 population were surveyed. Data collected was entered on Fox. Pro (vs. 2.6) and analyzed by SPSS (vs. 10). Results: A total of 93 persons in rural and 142 persons in urban had major while 147 peoples in rural and 200 peoples in urban had minor injuries during the recall period. It was found that as the age increases the number of minor injuries increased from 0-35 yrs while decreased after that and maximum major & minor injuries were found in 16-35 yr age group. Regarding socio-economic class maximum injuries both major & minor were found in class IV (lower middle). Conclusions: Considering the high morbidities due to injuries focusing health education eff orts based on local epidemiology and behavioral practices is needed. Keywords: Cross sectional study, Injuries, Socioeconomic status
6 Osteoscopic Assessment of Sexual Dimorphism in Hip Bone, Alok Kumar Chaudhary1, Sanjeev Kumar Jain2 1Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, SGRRIM&HS, Dehradun, UK, India, 2Professor, Department of Anatomy, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre, Moradabad, U.P., India
Introduction: Th e pelvis is most sexually dimorphic and is the fi rst bone assessed in sex determination because it is the skeletal element most aff ected by reproduction and parturition.1 Th e assessment of the pelvis is made through metric measurements as well as through the visual analysis of non-metric traits; both important aspects of the analysis. Th e best methods for determining sex from adult skeletal remains involve measurement and inspection of the hip bone that presents a number of gender-related anatomical diff erences.2 Most osteologists visually (stereoscopic) evaluate these diff erences and integrate this subjective assessment ofhip bonemorphology into their sex determinations. Th e aim of thepresent study is to visually evaluate sexual diff erences in hip bone and comparing its effi cacy with metric assessment. Methods: Th is study is done on 46 hip bones of adult individuals of known sex from museum of department of anatomy of SGRRIM&HS Dehradun and TMMC&RC Moradabad, India. All these hip bones were visually examined and under mentioned fi ve characters of the hip bone were used, (A) aspects of the preauricular surface, (B) aspects of the greater sciatic notch, (C) the form of the composite arch, (D) the morphology of the inferior pelvis, and (E) ischiopubic proportions. Results: In this study traits of the group (A) were most sexually dimorphic while traits of the group (E) were least sexually dimorphic. Conclusion: Diagnostic accuracy is excellent when the complete hip bone is available. Hip bone features used for sex determination by visual assessment seem to be fairly stable. Keywords: Hip bone, Metric and nonmetric traits
7 Cytomorphometrical Analysis of Exfoliated Buccal Mucosal Cells: Effect of Smoking, Sumit Babuta1, Rohin Garg2, Khushboo Mogra3, Neha Dagal4 1Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, 2Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre Moradabad, U.P., India, 3PG Resident, Department of Anatomy, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, 4Senior Demonstrator, Department of Anatomy, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Introduction: Exfoliative cytology is a non-aggressive, non-invasive procedure with higher patient compliance and is therefore, an attractive technique for the early diagnosis of oral lesions. Th e purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare cytological changes using morphometric analysis of the exfoliated buccal mucosal cells in smokers, with results obtained for non-smokers. Methods: Smears were collected from the clinically normal buccal mucosa of 120 individuals. Age range of subjects taken was 40-60 years. Smears were then stained with Papanicolaou stain. Results: Mean NA for smokers was signifi cantly elevated compared with the mean NA for non-smokers. Mean CA in smokers was decreased as compared to non-smokers but the diff erence was not signifi cant. Also, N/C ratio was signifi cantly elevated in smokers group. With increasing heavy exposure in duration of years, Cytomorphometric changes show signifi cant altered values for all three measured parameters (NA, CA and N/C ratio). Conclusion: Increase in NA and decreased CA as well as altered N/C ratio would appear to be due to smoking tobacco. Cytomorphometric analysis can be used regularly to detect these cell alterations. Th is method can also aid in motivating individuals to withdraw from adverse eff ects of tobacco smoking. Currently, use of exfoliative cytology has increased as an adjunct to screening of precancerous lesions and malignancies of the oral cavity. Keywords: Cytomorphology, Exfoliative cytology, Oral mucosa, Tobacco smoking
8 Review of Various Indicators for Assessment of Zinc Requirement and Effectiveness, Manisha Naithani1 Jyoti Bharadwaj2 Anshuman Darbari3 1Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India, 2Lecturer-Home Science (F&N) Swami Purnanand Degree College of Technical Education, Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India. 3Assistant Professor, Department of CTVS, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh-249201, Uttarakhand, India
Zinc (Zn) has been shown to be an essential micronutrient for all organisms including plants, animals and human beings. Deprivation of zinc arrests growth and development and produces multiple system dysfunctions in all these organisms. Because of the involvement of this micronutrient in so many core areas of metabolism, it is common that the features of zinc defi ciency in humans are nonspecifi c with a wide range including growth retardation, alopecia, diarrhea, delayed sexual maturation and impotence, eye and skin lesions and even impaired appetite. Clinical features and laboratory criteria are not always consistent. Th is inconsistency poses a major diffi culty in the search to reliable yet sensitive clinical or functional indicator of zinc status for validation. Further, it has become clear now that the homeostatic mechanisms fall short of perfection and clinically important features of zinc defi ciency can occur with only modest degrees of zinc defi ciency. In this review article we try to look critically at the available tests and various indicators for assessment of zinc’s level for potential requirement and eff ectiveness and try to conclude about the effi cacy of each. Keywords: Enzymes, Micronutrient, Zinc
9 Cytotherapy for Osteonecrosis of Hip, Najmul Huda1, Asif Iqbal2, Ajay Pant3, M Julfi qar2, Nitin Kumar Agarwal2, Pankaj Gupta4 1Associate Professor, 2Assistant Professor, 3Professor and Head, 4Senior Resident, Department of Orthopaedics, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College and Research Centre, Moradabad U.P., India
Osteonecrosis of hip is a pathological condition that leads to collapse of the femoral head, & the need for total hip replacement (THR). Research has shown that at the cellular level there is decrease in osteoblastic activity & the local mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) population that leads to osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH). Cellular therapy could thus be used to improve the local cellular environment. Th is can be achieved by implanting bone marrow, containing osteogenic precursors into the necrotic lesion of the femoral head. Keywords: Cytotherapy, Hip, Osteonecrosis, Stem cells Hernigou
10 Localized Urticaria with Intravenous Ondansetron: A Case Report, Rohit Varshney1, Gaurav Jain2 1Assistant Professor, Department of Anaesthesia, TMMC&RC., Moradabad, U.P, India, 2Assistant Professor, Department of Anaesthesia, B.H.U.,Varanasi, U.P., India
Ondansetron is an eff ective antiemetic agent widely used to control nausea and vomiting associated with malignancy and surgery. Although hypersenstivity reactions have been reported with ondansetron in connection with emetogenic chemotherapy, it has been rarely addressed under perioperative settings. Th is case highlights the need of increased awareness among anaesthesiologists regarding the allergic potential of ondansetron and emphasize for judicious administration of this drug with adequate emergency backup. Keywords: Allergy, Hypersensitivity, Ondansteron, Urticaria
11 Use of Airtraq Optical Laryngoscope for Naso-Tracheal Intubation in Anaesthetized Patients, Sunny Malik1, Shahin N Jamil2, Shraddha Malik3, Rohit Varshney4 1Senior Resident, Department of Anaesthesia, Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya Hospital, New Delhi, U.P., India, 2Reader, Department of Anaesthesia, J.N. Medical College, A.M.U., Aligarh, India, 3Senior Resident, Department of Anaesthesia, ESI Hospital, New Delhi, India, 4Assistant Professor, Department of Anaesthesia, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre, Moradabad, U.P., India
Reported is a case of successful Nasotracheal intubation using Airtraq optical laryngoscope in a patient of fracture zygomatic arch with cervical spine injury. Th e patient had predicted diffi cult direct laryngoscopy with restricted mouth opening. Keywords: Airtraq Nasotracheal intubation, Optical
12 A Huge Mucinous Cystadenoma Complicating Third Trimester of Pregnancy with Previous Two Caesarean Sections, Nirmal Pangtey 1, Priyanka Chauhan2, Usha Rawat3, Geeta Jain3 1Assistant Professor, 2PG. Student, 3Professor, Department of Obs & Gynae, Government Medical College, Haldwani, Uttarakhand
Th e incidence of ovarian tumor complicating caesarean section was about 1 in 200 caesarean births while ovarian tumors complicated termination of pregnancy in 1 of 594 procedures. Any type of Ovarian mass can be encountered during pregnancy, but the most common are cystic. Because pregnant women are usually young, malignant tumors are relatively uncommon. A patient third gravida with previous 2 caesarean sections presented in an emergency with complaints of persistent pain in abdomen for last 7 days with gestational age of 35 weeks and 3 days. Emergency Caesarean section was done to deliver an alive male baby of 2.25 Kg with good Apgar score. Intraoperative fi nding was suggestive of a huge multiloculated left ovarian mass of approximately. 40×30×15 cm weighing 20 Kg with straw coloured mucinous fl uid. Up to 3 liters of fl uid aspirated before delivering the cyst out of the abdomen. Left salpingoopherectomy was done and specimen sent for histopathological examination that showed Mucinous cystadenoma of the ovary. Post operative period remain uneventful. Keywords: Complicated caesarean section, Mucinous cystadenoma, Ovarian tumor, Pregnancy
13 The Study of Different Presentations of Breast Lumps in Radiographic Imaging, Shalini Saraswat1, Amit Kumar2 1Assistant Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre, Moradabad - 24400, U.P.,India, 2Assistant Professor, Department of ENT, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre, Moradabad - 24400, U.P.,India
Introduction: Breast USG is an established and accurate tool for the primary evaluation of breast lumps and pathology. It also compliments X- ray mammography in further evaluation and characterization of breast masses and thus avoids surgeries in benign breast diseases and pathology. Method: For USG examination of the breast lumps, a linear-array transducer of 5-7 MHz frequency is required with a good resolution machine. Results: We present a pictorial essay on the role of USG in evaluation and characterization of various breast lumps and pathology. Conclusion: Breast sonography considerably improves the visualization and evaluation of lumps in mammographically radiodense breasts and helpful in the characterization of it, either as solid or cystic lesion. It also improves the specifi city of X-ray mammography when used as an adjunct to it. It is also helpful in guiding FNAC/biopsy from the breast masses. Keywords: Breast, Sono-mammography,ultrasound, X- ray mammography
14 Pseudotumour Cerebri: A Side-Effect of Nalidixic Acid, Simalti AK Classifi ed specialist Pediatrics, Military Hospital, Dehradun. U.P., India
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15 Non-Invasive Diagnosis of H. Pylori Infection, T. J. Hemnani Principal, TMMC & RC, TMU
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