1 Evaluation of Ground Water quality and Its Suitability for Drinking in and around Berhampur, Ganjam, Odisha, India , Bijaya Kumar Gouda 2 Ejaz Ahmed 3Upendra Prasad Tripathy  
The physico-chemical characteristics of the ground water of Berhampur, the Silk city of Odisha (India) located in eastern coastal line of Ganjam district was studied during January2009 to December-2012 in order to find the suitability for drinking. Ground water Samples were collected from 25 locations of Berhampur city in rainy, winter and summer seasons. In this study different water parameters such as temperature, pH, turbidity, hardness, calcium, magnesium, chloride and fluoride are determined by standard procedure and study the suitability for drinking. The data were analyzed with reference to BIS and WHO standards and it was found that the physic-chemical parameters are within the maximum permissible limit of drinking water standards. However fluctuation of hardness, Calcium, Magnesium, Chloride & fluoride content is observed but these values are within the standard limits. Therefore the ground water quality of Berhampur city is suitable for drinking purpose during the research period.
2 City Wide Emergency/Disaster Coordinating System via Short Messaging Services (SMS) , 1John D. Sagapsapan 2 Joseph Aurelius P. Jacinto
The City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (CDRRMC) of Dapitan City, ZDN, Philippines used handheld radios for communication to respond emergency/disaster within the locality, wherein, remote places are not covered with this technology. This study aimed to develop software that monitors incident reports from barangay constituents through mobile phone‟s SMS for quick response. The developmental research method was utilized through stages of software development life cycle for its completion. The software is evaluated by 30 evaluators composing of CDRRMC personnel and I.T. experts to determine its speed, accuracy and functionality. The results showed that the software provided full attributes that accommodates the need among emergency responders and the constituents. Almost all evaluators strongly agreed that the developed software has high level of accuracy in providing prompt delivery and precise content of messages from the clients. It delivers high degree of accuracy in generating statistical reports segregated according to the type of incidents. All system features are highly functional and easy to use program environment desirable to users with an entry level of knowledge in terms of computer literacy. The implementation of the software may aid Rescue Team in providing immediate actions in the course of emergency. Keywords- Coordinating System, Communication via SMS, Emergency Notification Services, Coordination in Emergency Response, Disaster Management
3 Technique for Matching Similarity Using the Chromaticity Space , 1 Petya Em. Pavlova 2 Ekaterina G. Borisova
The paper describes application of technique for estimation spectral distributions similarity on a set of diffuse-reflectance spectra obtained from different cutaneous benign and malignant lesions in vivo. A specific peculiarity of the colorimetric transformation to set same chromaticity coordinates for even spectral distributions is used for assessment of this similarity. Initial consequence is processed to obtain normalized diffusereflectance spectrum in the range from 380 to 780 nm region. The technique uses ratio between spectra that gives an opportunity to extract and estimate only variations between them. Final decision is based on two results: chromaticity coordinates for the normalized spectrum and chromaticity coordinates of the impulse sequences composed from the amplitude distribution for each wavelength. The practical experiment and check of the patterns is carried out on a new set of measured diffuse-reflectance cutaneous spectra from patients with different skin disorders. Each spectrum is compared with preliminary defined pattern distributions. A “complementary” diagnosis, based on the similarities with these patterns, was given to address the exact spectral data set, and the diagnostic accuracy was evaluated based on the histological evaluation of these lesions. Keywords- Spectra comparison, Metamerism and chromaticity, Uniformity of spectral distributions, Similarity of spectra.
4 Cultural characterization of Fusarium oxysporum forma specialis melongenae from Guinea savannas of Nigeria , 1Ndifon E. M. 2 E.J. Ekefan 3 J.O. Okoro 4 J.I. Oluwatayo
The probability of two isolates of Fusarium oxysporium from two climatic regions being different was investigated in vitro using cultural characterization techniques. The specific aim of this experiment was to determine the characteristics of this Fusarium that may be consistent in spite of the medium used. The experiment was set up using a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement. The factors comprised of four culture media and two Fusarium isolates from Southern and Northern Guinea Savannas (i.e. from Benue and Kaduna States respectively). The eight treatments were replicated three times. The experimental units consisted of glass Petri dishes. The media were autoclaved at 121 oC for 15 minutes at 15 psi and pour plate carried out after supplying 50 mg/L streptomycin sulphate into each medium. Data were collected at three, six and nine days after inoculation (DAI) and subjected to analysis of variance using Genstat® statistical software. The means were separated using Fisher’s Least Significant Difference (P≤0.05). At 9 days after inoculation (DAI), the diameters of the Fusarium colonies could be arranged in order of decreasing magnitude for both Kaduna and Benue States (FoiK and FoiB respectively) as follows: czapeck dox agar (CDA), potato dextrose agar (PDA), acetate differential agar + dextrose (ADAD) and corn meal agar (CMA). Based on number of whorls produced the order was CDA>ADAD>CMA>PDA. FoiB had the highest number of spores on ADAD then CDA, CMA and PDA (in decreasing order). For FoiK, the order was ADAD>CMA>CDA>PDA. The best medium was ADAD while PDA was the least suitable medium for macroconidia production. Based on their area of origin, the isolates were not different. The different media did not influence the elevation, edge type and the shape of the colony. All the media utilized were excellent for culturing Fusarium and are recommended for research on this pathogen however, the responses were parameter dependent. Keywords- Fusarium Characterization, Culture Media, Guinea savannas, Solanum aethiopicum.
5 Thermal Resistance of Concrete in Wood Safe and Scoria , 1 Eddie Franck Rajaonarison 2 Alexandre Gacoin 3 Bam Haja Nirina Razafindrabe 4 Vincent Emile Rasamison
The wood is a valuable resource widely employed for industrial and household purposes, especially in joinery, carpentry and as a source of heating. However, the use of wood generates a lot of waste materials which bring about economic and environmental problems. As part of the valorization of such waste products, we carried out the present investigation which aims at the formulation of concretes from the combination of natural ingredients including sawdust and scoria. The optimal compositions of the composite concretes obtained have been studied. The results of the thermal tests showed that the sawdust based scoria concretes displayed excellent thermal behaviors. Moreover, depending on the quantity of wood and scoria, it is possible to obtain structural concretes, structureinsulation or insulation. Keywords- Sawdust, Scoria, Lightweight Concrete, Thermal properties.
6 Smallholder Layer Bird Production In Afijio Local Government Area, Oyo State Nigeria , 1Adesope, A. A. A 4Agbaje, M.A 3Yusuf, W.A., 2Oyewo, I.O
Assessing the economics of production in poultry enterprise is a veritable tool to ensure continuity in the business. This study examined the profitability of layer bird production in Afijio LGA using questionnaire on randomly selected 110 layer bird farmers in the study area. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, costs and returns analysis, and regression technique. The result revealed that the average number of birds in each farm was 180; average total fixed cost per farm per year was N553, 000, while the average total variable cost was N1, 311,600.00. The total cost incurred in stocking the farm was N1, 864,600 and the total number of crates of eggs produced per month was 180 while the price per crate was N500. Total revenue generated was N1, 530,000 per year and the gross margin was N218, 400.00. The cost of feed, price per day, old chick, labour and quantity of birds stocked had a negative relationship with the gross margin at 1%. The study therefore recommended that farmers should be provided with loan facilities and inputs should be subsidized in the study area. Keywords- : Smallholder, poultry, Layers, Production, Oyo State, Nigeria
7 Designing of Low GI biscuit , Jusci Kumar
The current food habits with junk foods & unhealthy snacks looks very much suitable for dynamic business life but on other side it possess a critical danger to the health by being an cause of multiple disease like Obesity, Diabetics, Heart disease etc, the better way to control & take of our health is to focus on Healthy foods which has Low GI rating. The objective of this research is to design a low GI biscuit suitable for all age group. The GI analysis demonstrates that the high fibers added to biscuits had benefits to its consumers. It increase dietary fiber intake and reduce the glycemic index value of the biscuit, moreover it act as prebiotic to the gut micro flora. Hence low GI biscuits can be suitable for all age groups and can be seen as a Healthy alternative for junk foods especially to school going kids. Keywords- : Biscuits, GI, Fiber, GH analysis
8 Complete Silage Using Mixture of Sugar Cane Treetop (Saccharum Officinarum Linn.) and Indigophera Sp. As Goats Feed , Utari, W. Setya, B. U. Dewi, R. A. D.
Ensiling is one of the solutions to overcome the shortage of forages during the dry season in tropical region.The treetops of sugarcane is one of the plant residues which is can be conserved as silage.Indigofera is a legume that has high productivity and good nutrient content, especially for the high protein content in it which is used as animal feed such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium.The aim of this study was to determine the quality of complete silage using sugarcane treetops and indigopheramixing. This study was designed based on a completely randomized design with five treatments that are p0 = 50% sugar cane treetops + 50% indigofera, p1 = 75% sugar cane treetops + 25% indigofera, p2 = 25% sugar cane treetops + 75% indigofera, p3 = 100% sugar cane treetops, and p4 = 100% indigofera, incubated for 21 days.The observed variables included organoleptic quality (color, scent, texture, and presence of fungi)and physical quality (acidity).The results showed that both of the single silage making and using the mixing one did not significantly affect organoleptic quality. The results of the duncan test can be seen that mixed silage produces the highest pH, that is P4 which is significantly different from P1 and P3, but not significantly different from P0 and P2. The lowest pH content is P3 which is not significantly different from P1. The decrease in silage pH in this study was caused by acids produced by bales during ensilase. Keywords- : pH, silage, sugar cane treetops, indigophera sp.
9 Processing Of Trichocompost With Different Of Chaff Charcoal Level On Fertilized Quality , Syirri Wahyuni R., Riyanto and Dewi Ratih A.D.
Trichocompostis one of the organic composts containing Trichodermaharzianum antagonistic fungi. Trichodermaharzianum fungus is saprophytic soil microorganism or naturally beneficial against pathogenic fungi and has beneficial properties for plants. In the soil, chaff charcoal functions by improving the physical, chemical, and biological structures of soil. Chaff charcoal can increase soil porosity so that soil becomes fertile and soil ability to absorb water. This research aimed at observing the N (Nitrogen), P (Phosphor), K (Potassium) nutrient content, pH, and temperatures in Trichocompost. This research was designed based on the completely randomized design with the treatments of P1 (0% chaff charcoal addition), P2 (4.5% chaff charcoal addition), P3 (9%chaff charcoal addition), and P4 (13.5% chaff charcoal addition) and fermented for ten days. The observed variables consisted of pH content, temperature, N, P, and K nutrient contents. The research results showed that the Trichocompost production with the addition of chaff charcoal has an outstanding Trichocompost quality among treatments; however, it has a quality according to SNI (Standard National Indonesian): 19-7030-2004 and Institute for Agricultural Technology (BPTP) Jambi. The research results analyzed using SPSS 20, with the variance of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) which continued on Duncan’s test results. For the best treatment level which can be observed that the obtained pH was 6.5 meaning that all treatments showed the non-significant difference. The obtained temperature was 250C on P2 treatment, the obtained N content on Trichocompost was 1.2 on treatment P4, and the obtained P content on Trichocompost was 0.45 on P4 treatment. Furthermore, K content on Trichocompost was 0.58 on P3 treatment.
10 Fruit Image Classification using Convolutional Neural Network , Hemalatha Roshni P. and Sangeetha B.
Fruit classification has been increased due to different varieties of fruit come to the market in large quantities. Manual Classification consumes more time and it is a tedious job to classify the tons of fruit in shorter time. Hence there is a need of vision based fruit classification which also reduces the labor and packaging expenses. The dataset which has 28736 fruit images of 60 categories. To prove CNN is the best classification, here classification was done on neural and deep neural networks. By comparing the accuracy of these two we prove that CNN is the best one.
11 Effect of Sustainable Development Projects of Total Exploration and Production Nigerian Limited on Rural Livelihoods in Rivers State , Abali, I., Adesope, M.O. and Ifenkwe, G.E.
The study assessed the effect of sustainable development projects of Total Exploration and Production Nigeria Limited (TEPNL) on rural livelihoods of host communities in Rivers State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to: describe the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, identify the livelihood activities of the host communities in the study area and assess the extent of effect of TEPNL sustainable development projects on the wellbeing of the recipients. Primary and secondary data were used to elicit information necessary for the study. The primary data for the study were obtained using a structured questionnaire. Multistage sampling techniques was adopted from which 250 respondents were selected for the study. Descriptive and inferential statistics such as percentages, mean scores, multiple regression were used for data analysis. It was revealed that men were more in number. The respondents were within the age range of 50-59yrs. Majority of the respondents were farmers who also engaged in other livelihood activities. The study further revealed that the sustainable development projects of TEPNL had ‘no great effect’ on the wellbeing of the respondents. However, there was a significant relationship between effect of the sustainable development projects of TEPNL and the wellbeing of the respondents. Thus, the study recommended among others the need for the benefactor to target their sustainable development projects at developing the sources of livelihood of the host community members.
12 Self-absorption Effect in Measurements of Double Ended Lamps , E.M. El-Moghazy
In this work, the effect of self-absorption measurements on the luminous flux of double ended lamps has been studied. In this research work, three lamps of Double Ended types with different working wattage have been characterized. The experimental testing of such lamps showed that the selfabsorption has a considerable effect on the measurements of total luminous flux. The Double Ended (DE) lamps have different values of corrected flux changing relatively from 4% to 5% of the measured values especially in the case of tubular lamps. Results are compared with the results of different types of lamps such as High Intensity Discharge (HID) lamps and Compact Fluorescent (CFL) lamp. The luminous flux of these lamps was measured using the integrating sphere with a diameter of 2.5 meters.
13 Process Optimization and Preparation of Guava Nectar Blended with Aloevera , Gurkirat Singh, Naveet Kaushal, Dilip Singh Kachwaya and Arshdeep Singh
The present investigation was carried out in laboratory, Department of Agriculture, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab during Winter Season of 2018-19.Guava nectar blend with aloevera different blending proportions possess significant differences in all nutritional as well as sensory quality parameters. Results depict that there was slight increase in total soluble solids and acidity, reducing sugars but, slight decrease in pH, total sugars, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity during storage of 90 days. The blended guava nectar prepared using different proportion of guava and aloevera juice or pulp maximum score (9) in blend using T4 (70 ml guava and 30 ml aloevera), score for color, taste, aroma and overall acceptability. During storage period of three months, no microbial counts were observed in blended guava nectar. Overall findings of investigation revealed that blended guava nectar can successfully be stored for 3 months in glass bottles with minimum changes in chemical, sensory and microbial quality.
14 Growth and Physiological Response of Cleome gynandra L. to fertilizers on the Field , Sowunmi, I.L. and Oyedeji, O.F.
Wild vegetables are particularly important as adjunct accompaniment to staples. In order to encourage their productivity and utilization, it is necessary to develop suitable agronomic practices on the response of each species to fertilizers. Field trials were conducted to determine the effect of fertilizers on the growth performance of Cleome gynandra. The experiment consisted of three treatments (control, 100 kg N/ha and 8 t goat manure/ha) which were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Plant height, total number of leaves, chlorophyll content, moisture, root/shoot ratio, leaf area and stem girth were measured. All parameters measured increased with plant age and significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed among the treatments. Generally, fertilizers improved the yield, quality and growth of C. gynandra, Application of 100kg N/ha produced the maximum plant height, number of leaves, stem girth. Plant root/shoot ratio was significantly higher in the control when compared to organic and inorganic fertilizers. Therefore, it was deduced that optimal growth performance and better establishment of C. gynandra could be obtained with the use of organic and inorganic fertilizers. These findings showed that both inorganic and organic fertilizers increased the growth performance of the species. However, inorganic fertilizer was the most effective.
15 Review Paper of Different Patches of Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Applications , Manshul and Yukti Murteja
The use of wireless communication devices is promptly increasing day by day and microstrip patch antenna is mostly in the use, as it provides low volume and low profile. The proposed antenna will be designed using triangular type patch. The paper will give a comparative study for various radiation patterns, return loss, bandwidth, gain, VSWR.
16 The Making of Probiotic Using Corn as Growing Media and Micromineral as Additive , Sitti Maisyarah, Novita Dewi Kristanti and Agustbern H. B. F.
The purpose of this study was to determine the growth of Trichodermasp. used corn as growing media with the addition of micromineral as a probiotic. This study was designed based on a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replications. The treatment used are P0 = corn media + Trichoderma sp., P1 = corn media + Trichoderma sp. + 1% premix, P2 = corn media + Trichoderma sp. + 2% premix, and P3 = corn media + Trichoderma sp. + 3% premix. Making probiotics used corn growing media with the addition of micromineral (premix) had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on the growth of Trichoderma sp. Spores, but the highest number of spores was treated with the addition of 1% premix (P1) with spores 2,12 × 1010 cfu / g media. The treatment without the addition of premix (P0) was treated with the least amount of spores compared to other treatments with a number of spores of 1.75 × 1010 cfu/g media. The degree of acidity (pH) of probiotics with the addition of micromineral (premix) had a significant effect (P <0.05) on probiotics without the addition of micromineral. It was concluded that the addition of micromineral (premix) could increase the growth of Trichoderma sp. but if were excessive it would reduce the growth of Trichoderma sp. Spores.
17 Marketing Design of Boneless Crispy Chicken Through Facebook in Lowokwaru , Siti Maulidina, Hananik Prasetyo and Dan Bekti Nur Utami
The objectives of the research included: 1) determining the marketing design of boneless crispy chicken through social media of Facebook in Malang City and 2) determining the attitude of Farmer Women Group toward marketing of boneless crispy chicken through social media of Facebook. This research applied the One-Shot Case Study design. The population of the research was in Lowokwaru District, which was spread in 12 urban villages. Saturated sampling was chosen as the research sampling where all members of the population became the research samples. It involved 30 consumers of boneless crispy chicken in the area of Lowokwaru District. The research results showed that the consideration in purchasing boneless crispy chicken through social media of Facebook included the aspects of promotion by 28%, product by 26%, price by 25% and place by 25%. The marketing of boneless crispy chicken in Jatimulyo Urban Village of Lowokwaru District of Malang City through Facebook page gained the most viewers in April by 37%
18 Screening House Plants for Indoor Pollution Removal Capacity, Specifically Allethrins, A Poisonous Pesticide Released from Smoke of Mosquito Coil , Seemaa Ghate
Four house plants were screened for Indoor pollution removal capacity. Pollutant removal capacity was tested for allethrin, an organic pollutant released from smoke of mosquito coil. Exposure was done in a static glass chamber with dimensions 3 X 3 X 4 where individual plants as well as group of plants were placed. Individual absorption capacity as well as capacity of tested plants in synergism was studied. Samples were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC MS) to quantify pollutants to determine removal capacity. The removal capacity is also expressed on a leaf area basis which varied with plant species. Of the 4 species tested, Aglaonema commutatum had the highest removal efficiencies for allethrin when placed in group. But same plant showed less capacity individually. Chlorophytum commutatum showed high capacity individually but showed less capacity in group. The four species ranged in their removal efficiency individually and in groups. Multiple species are needed for maximum improvement of indoor air quality, In future, many more species of low light requiring house plants need to be screened individually and in synergy. Specific species combination need to be given for specific VOCs as leaf structures influence transpiration rate and this affects rate of absorption.
19 Pretreatment And Early Growth Studies of Pentaclethra macrophylla (Benth) Seeds , Ojo, M.O. and Oyedeji, O.F.
The study assessed the effect of sustainable development projects of Total Exploration and Production Nigeria Limited (TEPNL) on rural livelihoods of host communities in Rivers State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to: describe the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, identify the livelihood activities of the host communities in the study area and assess the extent of effect of TEPNL sustainable development projects on the wellbeing of the recipients. Primary and secondary data were used to elicit information necessary for the study. The primary data for the study were obtained using a structured questionnaire. Multistage sampling techniques was adopted from which 250 respondents were selected for the study. Descriptive and inferential statistics such as percentages, mean scores, multiple regression were used for data analysis. It was revealed that men were more in number. The respondents were within the age range of 50-59yrs. Majority of the respondents were farmers who also engaged in other livelihood activitie. The study further revealed that the sustainable development projects of TEPNL had ‘no great effect’ on the wellbeing of the respondents. However, there was a significant relationship between effect of the sustainable development projects of TEPNL and the wellbeing of the respondents. Thus, the study recommended among others the need for the benefactor to target their sustainable development projects at developing the sources of livelihood of the host.
20 Influence of Inter-Row Spacing on The Agronomic Performance of Four Soybean Varieties in Buea, Cameroon , A.F. Lum, R.M. Njilar, E.M. Ndifon, G.F. NJI and N.A. Neba
A field experiment was conducted in Buea, Cameroon, to determine the effect of inter-row spacing on the growth and yield of four soybean varieties. The inter-row spacings consisted of 50, 60 and 75 cm while the soybean varieties were: TGX 1835-10E, TGX 1987-62F, TGX 2010-11F and TGX 2010-12F. Results revealed that inter-row spacing significantly (P0.05) influenced the performance of the soybean varieties. Three weeks after sowing (WAS), plants sown at an inter-row spacing of 50 cm were taller than those in wider rows. At 6 and 9 WAS, these plants produced more leaves with fewer branches than those in wider rows and at harvest, they had the highest grain yield (11.4 t ha 1 ). Among the varieties, TGX 2010-12F had the tallest plants (98.4 cm), produced the highest number of leaves (47), number of pods (129) and grain yield (12.6 t ha1 ). In conclusion, the soybean varieties should be sown at an interrow spacing of 50 cm for optimum grain yield production.
21 Relationship Between Irv, Frv, Wrv with Work Life Balance , Harshitha S and Dr. Kiran Reddy
The concept of Work-Life balance is as old as the concept of God and his creation. Work-Life Balance is not necessarily a new concept and the terminology work/life balance has evolved over time. Throughout history, work and life were basically integrated. Life activities like community involvement, childcare, and elder care happened right alongside work. One major change is that many families no longer have an adult who doesn't work outside the home. Without someone in the household attending to life issues full-time, employees now have to find time to take care of tasks like childcare or caring for an elder parent in addition to their professional workload.
22 Growth Perfomance of Morus alba L. (Mulberry Plant) on Soils from Selected Ecological Zones in Nigeria , Ojo, M.O. and Oyedeji, O.F.
The study covered the growth of four varieties of Morus alba L. (K2, S30, S14 and S54) on the soils from three selected ecological zones (Rain Forest, Swamp Forest, Guinea Savannah) of Nigeria carried out within Federal College of Forestry, Ibadan. There were twelve (12) treatments; each treatment was replicated three times. The experiment was laid in 3 x 4 factorial experiments in completely randomized design (CRD). Growth variable such as plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), leaf production and leaf area (cm2) were assessed. Data collected were subjected to Analysis of Variance at 5% level of probability. The result revealed that T7 (SOP+S14) had the highest mean height (27.97cm), stem diameter (3.74m), leaf production (17.33) and leaf area (20.57cm2) while T5 (SOP+K2) had least performance of 6.43cm, 2.11mm, 5.33 and 7.47cm2 respectively. Furthermore, analysis of variance showed that there was no significant difference (P<0.05) among treatments with respect to plant height, stem diameter, number of leaf and leaf area. The result indicated that selected varieties of white mulberry plant thrived well under the soils from selected ecological zones that were examined in this study. It was therefore recommended that, for best plant height and leaf production, S14, S30 and S54 varieties should be raised on Onne (SOP) soil, Ore soil (SOO) should be used to raise all the varieties of Morus alba studied and New Bussa (SNB) soil should be used in raising S30 and S54.
23 Design of an Experimental Plug-Flow Helical Hydrokinetic Turbine for Power Generation in Kenya , Clement N. Maiko, Thomas F.N. Thoruwa and J. Githiri
Micro-hydro power generation system is the most reliable form of clean source of sustainable renewable energy. It is an excellent method of harnessing renewable energy from untapped small rivers streams with low head especially in Kenya and other developing countries. In this study, an experimental micro-hydro a plug-flow helical hydrokinetic turbine power generation system was mounted on a low head small river stream without storage reservoir in order to power the turbine. The water flowed straight through the turbine and discharged back into the river without causing environmental impact on the local ecosystem. The turbine described herein was designed and constructed using locally available materials with output of 50W operating at an average river flow of 1.2m/s. Much emphasis was placed on the selection of the aero foil and in particular NASA0018 was chosen as the best option. It was observed that the turbine self-started at 0.58m/s and generated 4.5W at 0.73m/s river flow speed with peak power coefficient of Cp =0.14 and a TSR=1.26. The cost of developing this project was about Ksh 22,000.00 or (USD220/=) with payback period of 5.7 years. It was concluded that a simple small hydro-kinetic turbine has potential to provide access to electrical power and water pumping for irrigation in marginalized areas of Kenya and other developing countries. Therefore an improvement of the turbine into economic viability is recommended for future advancement
24 Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Personnel Management , Dr. Tanu Goel
Possessing emotional intelligence allows managers to better understand and motivate people they supervise. Emotional intelligence bears an important impact on self-development of the manager and his leadership qualities. Its impact is visible in building positive relations and gaining emotional commitment of employees. Those who have a high degree of emotional intelligence are in tune with both their own emotions and the emotions of other people with whom they come in contact. Personnel management can be defined as obtaining, using and maintaining a satisfied workforce. It is a significant part of management concerned with employees at work and with their relationship within the organization. Emotional intelligence refers to having the ability to recognize and understand emotions and their impact on behavior and attitudes.
25 Energy Efficiency as an Antidote for Economic Growth and Environmental Sustainability in the Telecommunications Sector in Nigeria , Kolawole Fayemi  and Prof. Adeniyi Olatunbosun
Nigeria has been confronted with acute energy challenges highlighted by inadequate electricity generation and increasing energy demand.. Telecommunications is a key sector of the Nigerian economy with high energy intensity. Most telecoms sites in operation in Nigeria are powered using diesel generators resulting in huge operating expenses (OPEX) for operators and enormous emission of Green House Gases (GHGs) to the environment. These challenges have been amplified by soaring population and the need for increased telecoms services nationwide. The work adopted the exploratory research design. It analyzed and appraised existing literature and legislation to determine the potency of energy efficiency in addressing the challenges identified. Case studies were employed to broadly examine telecoms energy efficiency practices in other countries. This helped to identify energy efficiency technologies relevant for adaptation to the Nigerian context. Additional data were obtained from semistructured interviews conducted with key stakeholders in the telecommunications sector. The study revealed that there exist incoherent and lofty policy statements on energy efficiency in the relevant energy policies in Nigeria and there is no specific legislation on energy efficiency. Furthermore, the adoption of energy efficiency technologies in telecoms network operations can lead to significant reduction in OPEX cost and will contribute to climate change mitigation through energy consumption reduction. This will reduce greenhouse gasses emission and accelerate the nation towards climate change mitigation and sustainable development
26 Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Analysis and Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Profile of Multi-drug Resistant Salmonella Isolates , Enya, E.E. 1, and Ekundayo, E.O.
Seventy-two (72) Salmonella organisms isolated from unrelated patients were evaluated for antimicrobial sensitivity in the disk diffusion method against 15 antibiotics. The resistant isolates were also screened for ESBL production in the double disc diffusion test. The molecular epidemiology of twenty (20) multidrug resistant isolates out of the total 72 isolates was also investigated using RAPD-PCR with OPC2, OPC4 and OPA9 primers to ascertain their genetic variability. The results obtained from the susceptibility assay of the seventy-two (72) Salmonella isolates obtained in this study were as follows: 65.2% of the isolates were susceptible to ofloxacin while the resistance rates for augmentin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and chloramphenicol were 72.2% (16.7% intermediate susceptible), 29% (11.1% intermediate susceptible), 20.8% (30.5% intermediate susceptible) and 56.9% (34.7% intermediate susceptible), respectively. It was observed from the results of this study that among the total Salmonella isolates, 90.3% were multiple drug resistance (MDR) with the pattern of resistance cut across 3 to 13 different antibacterial agents. In this study 32(44.4%) of the isolates were confirmed ESBL producers by the amoxicillin-clavulanic acid test. Of the different primer sets used for RAPD analysis, amplification using OPA9 resulted in three (2) RAPD types for the six isolates. The strains were grouped into two main clusters of three clones, denominated as isolates 1 to 14. Three (50.0%) of the amplified isolates showed close clonality with 2 bands. Similarly, 2 (33.3%) other isolates exhibited close clonality with a total number of 8 bands. Only one isolate was grouped separately with a distinct band pattern. The result of this study indicates that multidrug resistant Salmonella species with distinct genetic disparity are in circulation in the study area.
27 Investigating the Anti-Venom Potential of Dolichos Trilobus Root Extract: A Computational and Cheminformatics Approach , Solomon, L.D., Chindo, I.Y. and Hussan, U.F.
Snake-bite has remained an enduring medical problem for many decades and little progress has been made in reducing mortality. In Nigeria, snake bites remain a common and serious problem especially in rural areas where access to prompt and effective treatment is limited. The tropical climate and the favorable environmental factors within this region are known to provide suitable habitat for snakes. The society is largely agrarian and the greater part of its population engaged in farming activities, livestock rearing, hunting and collection of firewood. These activities constitute occupational hazard or snake bites and are responsible for sustaining the high burden of the problem. The root of Dolichos trilobus was air dried, pulverized to powder and extracted with 80.00 % methanol (v/v). The crude extract was fractionated by liquid-liquid extraction into methanol, ethyl acetate and hexane fractions. Phytochemical analysis was carried out on the crude extracts and the fractions which revealed the presence of alkaloids, terpenes, flavonoids, carbohydrates, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, steroids, tannins and saponins. The methanol fraction was subjected to GC-MS analyses and 4-(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)-6-phenylpyrimidin2-ol, 3-Benzylamino-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine and 6-(7- hydroxycoumarin-8-yl)-7-methoxycoumarine were detected.
28 Vat Knowledge, Educational Qualification and Vat Compliance in Nigeria , Aliyu Abdulrauf, Abdulsalam Mas’ud  and Sulaiman Haruna
In its effort to diversify the source revenue generation, the Nigerian government during the military regime of Babangida administration decided to introduce Value Added Tax (VAT) as an alternative means of revenue generation. However, the compliance with VAT has been very weak as one state out of 36 states is contributing more than half of the country’s VAT. Thus, this paper tends to investigate whether or not educational qualification and VAT knowledge plays important role in influencing intention of mobile phone repairers to comply with their VAT obligations. Through quantitative methodology using survey instrument and regression analysis employed for the purpose it was found that VAT Knowledge and level of education influence the intention of mobile phone repairers to comply with their VAT obligations. The result could be justified by practical evidence and prior literature. The implication of this finding is that there is the need for tax authorities to illuminate taxpayers about VAT through seminars workshops and other mediums so that they can have more knowledge and awareness on VAT so also to broaden the level of education of Taxpayers in order to ensure total compliance with VAT payment. 
29 Land Use Conversion Induced changes in Soil Organic Carbon Stock in Semi-Arid Areas of Africa , Haftay Hailu and Kassa Teka
Change in land use is a common occurrence in the semiarid climate areas including Ethiopia. This, in turn, is expected to influence the soil environment through its effect on soil organic carbon stock (SOCS). Nevertheless, the status and changes in SOCS as affected by changes in land use type (LUT) were not evaluated. Sixty-four soil samples were collected from three LUTs - rain-fed farmlands (RFL), irrigable farmlands (IFL) and grasslands (GL) in Gergera watershed (900 ha), representing a semiarid climate in northern Ethiopia, at a depth of 60 cm. The result revealed that there were significant interaction between these LUTs and depths for SOCS and bulk density (p < 0.0001) with mean losses of 42% and 65% in SOCS from the surface layer (0–30 cm) of IFL and RFL, respectively, as compared to GL. The results indicated that IFL and RFL in the semi-arid rangelands resulted in significantly decreased SOCS. The highest SOCS in GL reveals that the significance of GL in carbon sequestration. Hence, the present land use trend must be curbed to put back the system on its correct path of resilience and sustainability for its future maintainable benefit and to alleviate the unprecedented increase in CO2.
30 Profile of Early Responders Versus Late Responders in Patients With Community Acquired Pneumonia an Observational Study , Dr. Sumit Khurana
Community acquired pneumonia is the most common infectious cause of mortality worldwide with India having the largest burden of the disease.1,2 Multiple criteria have been established for classification of severity and outcome assessment including the CURB-65 score and the Pneumonia Severity Index.3Recent studies like the REACH trial classified patients with CAP as early and late responders based on the HALM criteria for clinical stability and assessed various factors associated with a late response.4,7Herein, we conducted a cross-sectional study to identify factors associated with treatment response in an Indian cohort and their role in early intervention for late responders. The study shows association of late response with patient factors such as advanced age, presence of comorbidities including smoking, chronic alcohol consumption, chronic systemic illness like Chronic Kidney disease, Chronic Liver disease, diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension .Other important factors associated with inadequate or late response to treatment include high CURB-65 score at presentation, culture positivity, antibiotic modification and use of hospital resources
31 UAV FOR ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH , Mr. Kiran Todekar, Mr. Siddharth Shirgan, Mr. Shashikant Hippargi, Mr.Ajay Dattatraya Mule,  Mr. Suraj Arun Dongare and Mr.Abhijit Ramchandra Gadekar
As we know the Earth’s atmosphere is a thin blanket of gases and tiny particles together called air. We are most aware about the air when it moves and creates wind. Earth's atmosphere, along with the abundant liquid water at Earth’s surface, is the keys to our planet's unique place in the solar system. Much of what make Earth exceptional depends on the atmosphere. For example, all living things need some gases in air for life support. Without an environment, Earth would seemingly be simply another lifeless rock. The previous method or currently method used for the collection of Atmospheric Data (i.e. Temperature, Humidity, and Pressure at different Altitude) is Balloon tracking system, in this system a radiosonde is a portable weather station lifted by a balloon and Sends observations back by radio, some of them are temperature, humidity and pressure and different position. In this project, we designed Unmanned Ariel Vehicle for the data collection in that we integrated the Data Logger which locks the different data at a different height with regular time interval with time stamp and the altitude. This will be helpful for the atmospheric research. This project represents low cost UAV (Quadcopter) who carry weight of data logger and go for a maximum height as possible. This quadcopter includes APM 2.8 as controller, BLDC motors to generate air thrust and drone can fly, ESC for the speed control of the motors, receiver and transmitter for the controlling of the UAV, It also includes the data logger for the data collection which is designed by using Arduino, DHT11 (Temperature and Humidity sensor), BMP180 (Pressure and Altitude) sensors, RTC module for real time stamp and memory module for memory card. After successful completion of this project we can come to know the different parameter of atmosphere at a different height and different position and by using this data we can do different types of study from this data. 
32 HPLC aided optimization and standardization of potent intracellular anti-oxidant Heraclenin from Aeglemarmelos fruit pulp extracts , Ramasamy Mohankumar, Vinnie Cheeran,  and Munuswamy-Ramanujam Ganesh
Heraclenin, a furanocoumarin was isolated by column chromatography from chloroform extract of Aegle marmelos fruit pulp (AMFP) and characterized using spectroscopic techniques. Bioassay guided fractionation of the AMFP extracts led to the identification of the compound. Heraclenin, showed potent ability to reduce intracellular ROS levels in human monocytic cell lines (THP-1) compared to the AMFP extracts. DPPH based assays with heraclenin also confirmed the antioxidant potential of the compound. However, heraclenin did not show significant anti-proliferative activity against the THP-1 cell line. Further, HPLC based quantification of heraclenin in hexane, chloroform and ethanol AMFP extracts showed that the chloroform extract had significantly higher quantities of the compound compared to the other two extracts. The results suggest that chloroform might be the most suitable solvent for extracting heraclenin from AMFP. Since, the compound showed reduced cytotoxicity combined with potent ability to reduce intracellular ROS levels, heraclenin could be a promising candidate for anti-inflammatory therapeutic agent. Simlarly, the heraclenin rich chloroform extract could also be used as therapeutic formulation
33 Management of Municipal Solid Waste Using GIS , Dr. Satya Narain,  Mr. Melese Tesfaye and Mr. Petros Gedecho
Municipal solid waste management has emerged as one of the greatest challenges facing environmental protection agencies in developing countries. This paper presents a characterization study of the municipal solid waste generated. Solid waste dumping is a hectic problem in urban and developing areas due to shortage of land for the purpose. The main goal of this study was to check the measure and characteristic of municipal solid waste and to select potential areas for suitable solid waste dumping for Dilla town, Ethiopia. A simple random sampling technique applied for sample size choice of all waste generators. For the analysis of this study both quantitative and qualitative techniques were carried out by using primary and secondary data sources. The physical composition and the per capital waste generated per each waste generators within the Dilla town was studied over a period of 7 days. The results showed 85.69% biodegradable, 14.31% non-biodegradable materials in the solid waste composition. 80% of the waste had the potential for reuse and 26.35% can be recycled recycle-able. The average per-capita waste generated was 0.13 kg/ca/day. The average moisture of biodegradables waste was 56.2%. Laboratory test conducted for both physical and chemical characteristics of the MSW. The result of the study revealed that for using current waste generation site is not suitable. The proposed selected landfill site can fulfill all requirements in terms of both environmentally and socially.
34 EVALUATION OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL PARAMETERS OF HONEY FROM DISTRICT NEELUM, AJ&K , Tania Tahir Qazi
Honey is the natural sweet substance produced by bees. Honey is used for nutritional, medicinal and industrial purposes and it is an important commodity in the international market. In the present study, fifteen honey samples were collected from five targeted sites of district Neelum namely Kathan peer, Ashkot, Nakdar, Lasva and Lawat. The samples were then analyzed for physicochemical and antibacterial properties. The obtained values of physicochemical parameters like pH, electrical conductivity, moisture, acidity, sucrose and total sugar were compare with international standered provided by the Codex Alimentarius. All the values were within the prescribed limit except for moisture. 13 samples exceed the approved value of moisture content indicating the moist environmental conditions and improper handling. Honey showed effective antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Serratia marcesscens, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes which is an evidence that honey is a therapeutic agent being used since ancient time throughout the world.
35 Seasonal Variation of Passengers along the Calabar-Oron Inland Waterways Corridor, Nigeria , Ekop, Godwin and  Ibok, Akarawak Nduonyikoyo
This study assessed seasonal variation of passengers along the Calabar-Oron corridor. When it rains, the passengers find it difficult to leave their houses and come to the terminals as the boats do not have roofs to shade the passengers.The data were collected from records of operators of Calabar and Oron terminals. The result showed that there was significant difference in the total number of trips between different seasons. The dry season was F value = 63.41 with p= 0.48, while the wet season was F value = 4.35 with p = 0.84. The findings of the study concluded that cultural functions are scheduled during the dry seasons. The study recommends loans facilities should be provided by the government and commercial banks to the operators in the industry for effective performance
36 Comparative study of the drying characteristics and kinetics of Utasi (gongronema latifolium) and Odusa (piper guineense) leaves , Salome T. Torubeli Rhoda H.Gumus
Drying characteristics and kinetics of Utasi (gongronema latifolium) and Odusa (piper guineense) leaves were investigated in laboratory scale Oven dryer, at a temperature range of 40, 50, 60 and 70oC for utasi leaves and odusa leaves. The thickness of 0.27mm and 0.29mm were obtained for utasi leaves (Gongronema latifolium) and odusa leaves (Piper genus) The measured thickness were 0.27 mm and 0.29 mm for Utasi and odusa respectively with average initial moisture content of 83% (w.b) for Utasi and 80% (w.b) for udusa at 105oC for 30 minutes as determined by oven drying. A proximate analysis conducted on the fresh and dried leaves indicates significant different on te composition; such as moisture, protein, fat, crude fibre, ash and carbohydrate. The results from the drying process showed decrease in moisture ratio with increasing drying time while drying become faster with increase in temperature. Drying process took place only in the falling rate period for utasi and odusa leaves. The Page model showed a better fit than the Newton’s and modified page model which could be used to describe a drying process system. Page model represented the thin layer drying of utasi and odusa leaves, compared to the other models used at 40oC, 50oC and 70oC while Newton model represented the thin layer drying of utasi and odusa leaves at 60oC. The values of calculated effective diffusivity ranged from 1.86 x 10-10 to 2.66 x 10-10 for utasi leaves and 1.39 x 10-10 to 6.29 x 10-10 for odusa leaves. Temperature dependence of the diffusivity coefficients was described by an Arrhenius-type relationship. The activation energy for moisture diffusion was found to be 11.535kJ/mol and 45.168kJ/mol for utasi and odusa leaves respectively.
37 Physicochemical Analysis of Son River, at Bansagar Devlond, Shahdol (M.P.) India , Mahendra Kumar Tiwari and Mahendra Kumar Tiwari
Fresh water is prime necessary for fit & healthy living Dam and River water is used for miscellaneous purpose such as – for drinking, bathing etc. This natural resource is being polluted by increasing human development activities and by indiscriminate disposal of waste, effluents from Industries as industrial waste and many anthropogenic activities which effect & disturb the quality of the Dam and River. The piece of investigation is carried out to study the water quality & suitability of Bansagar Dam, Devlond, Shahdol for irrigation and drinking purpose. This study is don during 2019-20 to assess seasonal variations is the water of the lake/Dam by observing different physico-chemical parameters. Therefore, it is very necessary for monitoring the water quality of a Dam by analyzing of Various physico–chemical parameters. The purpose and objectives of the study (on the seasonally) and physicchemical parameters of Bansagar Dam (at Sone River) at Bansagr (Devlond), Shahdol, Madhya Pardesh, India. Different variable dates of samples are collected under prescribed limits – suggested by world Health organization, Indian standard institute and other standard Indian agencies… desirable limit for irrigation, drinking etc. purpose. Seasonality variation in physical and chemical parameters like pH, D.O. (dissolved oxygen), COD (Chemical oxygen demand), BOD (Biochemical oxygen demand), EC (Electrical Conductivity), Turbidity, Dissolved organic matter, Total hardness, total alkalinity etc. In water were analyzed for a seasonally period. The analysis of the water quality parameters of the Dam (Bansagar Dam) Clearly indicated high pollution load on the Dam / River water. To maintain the sound environment and healthy ecosystem of the Dam and the surrounding areas, proper management and monitoring of water quality of the Dam is needed.
38 Evaluation of the Relative Resistance of Emulsion Paints in the Container against Microorganisms. , Senthil Kumar. P and  Ismail M. Ali
Paints have been used since ancient times and there several paints of varying chemical composition have been in use for domestic and industrial purposes. The effectiveness of the preservative used in the paint samples which is easily available in the market was evaluated against different microorganisms as the consequences of microbial deterioration have serious economic implications on the paint industry. The aim of this study was, therefore, to investigate the microbial quality of paints with a view to improving the shelf life of paint and paint products. This study was carried to evaluate the resistance of emulsion paints in the container against microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. It can be observed from this study that the concentration of preservative component in the emulsion paint is directly proportional to the inhibition of the bacterial growth irrespective of its pathogenicity.
39 Antibacterial Activity of Titanium dioxide Nanoparticles Infused in Ceramic Tiles , Ismail M. Ali and Dr. Anand Dev Gupta
In damp environments, indoor building materials are among the main proliferation substrates for microorganisms. Photocatalytic coatings, including nanoparticles of titanium dioxide (TiO2), could be a way to prevent microbial proliferation that grow on indoor building materials as titanium dioxide under ultraviolet light produces a strong oxidative effect and may therefore be used as a photocatalytic disinfectant. This paper studies the inactivation of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria by photocatalysis involving titanium dioxide nanoparticles infused in ceramic coatings and investigates different parameters that significantly influence the antibacterial activity. The antibacterial activity of titanium dioxide was evaluated through by using different concentration of titanium dioxide treated with ceramic plates. The results confirmed the major effect of the photocatalytic disinfection ability as the bacterial titers were dramatically reduced by the photocatalytic reaction. Even with a low intensity of UV-A (0.01 mW cm−2), a bacterial reduction was observed within a short irradiation time. These results show that titanium dioxide photocatalysis could be used to inactivate microorganisms
40 Microbial Analysis of The Gut of Eudrilus eugineae. , Vishnu Ganesh,  Ismail M. Ali and Ayana S Y
Eudrilus eugineae possesses an immense bacterial diversity within their digestive tracts and is very little explored mainly because of the non-cultivatable character of a large quantity of microorganisms which mainly come from soil. All these organisms establish relationships among themselves in highly varied and complex ways which contribute to soil characteristics because of their role in the modification of solid, liquid and gaseous stages. The aim of this study was, therefore, to screen the microbiology in the gut of Eudrilus eugineae which are used in management of biowaste It can be concluded from this study that the composting ability of Eudrilus eugineae is enhanced by the microbial activities in the gut and can be used in the management of number of organic waste generated in agriculture, horticulture, rural industries including household section creating environmental population and problem.
41 On A Problem Associated with q- Starlike Functions of Order � , Dr. Gurmeet Singh and  Misha Rani
In this particular paper , we prove a new result of Fekete Szegö inequality (an equality that gives the relation between first two coefficients of analytic functions) in the open unit disk E , by using a q – starlike function ??,?  (?)[1]. For solving our problem , we use the concepts of quantum number |?|? , quantum derivative ?? f (z) and a q- differential operator ?? ? f (z) that are defined by Jackson [9,10] , Abdullah Alsoboh and Maslina Darus [1]
42 Ambient Air Quality Around Maihar Cement Plant , Dr. Sadhana Chaurasia and Dhanraj Gupta
Ambient air quality was monitored at four sites of Maihar Cement Plant. Four pollutants mainly Particulate Matter (PM10), Particulate Matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NOX), Sulphur dioxide (SOX), It was observed that maximum average concentration of PM10 was found 82.00 ug/m3 at S1 ( Near Guest House) and minimum 75.00 ug/m3 at S2 (Director Banglow).The maximum average concentration of PM2.5 was observed 42.50 ug/m3 at S1 Near guste house and minimum was observed 39.25 ug/m3 at S2 (Director Banglow).Gaseous pollutants SOX and NOX were found billow the permissible limit. Air Quality Index was in satisfactory range (50-100) at all sampling site in Mahair cement plant. Overall ambient Air Quality Index of Maihar cement plant was observed to be satisfactory during this study period.
43 Microbial Analysis of The Gut of Eisenia foetida. , Vishnu Ganesh and Ismail M. Ali
Eisenia foetida possesses an immense bacterial diversity within their digestive tracts and is very little explored mainly because of the non-cultivatable character of a large quantity of microorganisms which mainly come from soil. All these organisms establish relationships among themselves in highly varied and complex ways which contribute to soil characteristics because of their role in the modification of solid, liquid and gaseous stages. The aim of this study was, therefore, to screen the microbiology in the gut of Eisenia foetida which are used in management of biowaste It can be concluded from this study that the composting ability of Eisenia foetida is enhanced by the microbial activities in the gut and can be used in the management of number of organic waste generated in agriculture, horticulture, rural industries including household section creating environmental population and problem.